Optimalisasi Proses Bisnis Produksi Susu Kambing Berbasis Total Quality Management Di CV Prabhu Farm

Bimo Putro Yudhoyono, Nofie Iman Vidya Kemal, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab kerusakan produk susu kambing, menganalisis kesenjangan antara kondisi faktual operasional dengan prinsip-prinsip Total Quality Management (TQM), serta memberikan strategi optimalisasi proses bisnis di CV Prabhu Farm. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara komprehensif melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi langsung (non-partisipatif) pada alur produksi susu kambing, serta pemeriksaan studi dokumentasi terhadap data pencatatan produksi harian perusahaan. Informan penelitian dipilih secara purposive sampling yang terdiri dari manajer operasional dan dua karyawan teknis. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis kesenjangan terhadap prinsip TQM dan analisis kerusakan produk susu kambing menggunakan fishbone diagram dan tabel Root Cause Analysis (RCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan produk susu kambing berupa susu menjadi basi, susu menggumpal, dan kebocoran kemasan disebabkan oleh faktor manusia, metode, material, dan penyimpanan. Praktik operasional yang masih berbasis instruksi lisan serta pencatatan data yang belum terintegrasi menyebabkan kurang optimalnya pengendalian proses. Analisis kesenjangan menunjukkan bahwa implementasi prinsip TQM belum berjalan optimal, khususnya pada aspek standardisasi proses, pencegahan kerusakan sejak awal, keterlibatan karyawan, dan pengambilan keputusan berbasis data. Sebagai rekomendasi, penelitian ini mengusulkan formalisasi SOP produksi, digitalisasi sistem pencatatan secara menyeluruh, serta penerapan perbaikan berkelanjutan melalui siklus Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). Implementasi strategi tersebut diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat kerusakan produk, meningkatkan konsistensi kualitas, serta mendukung efektivitas operasional dan keberlanjutan bisnis. 

This research aims to identify the factors causing damage to goat milk products, analyse the gap between the factual operational conditions and the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM), and provide strategies for optimising business processes at CV Prabhu Farm. This study uses a qualitative descriptive design through a case study approach. Data collection was conducted comprehensively through semi-structured interviews, direct (non-participatory) observations of the goat milk production process, and examination of documentation studies on the company's daily production recording data. The research informants were selected through purposive sampling, consisting of the operational manager and two technical employees. The analysis conducted was a gap analysis against TQM principles and a product damage analysis of goat milk using a fishbone diagram and a Root Cause Analysis (RCA) table. The research results show that the damage to goat milk products, such as milk becoming sour, milk coagulating, and packaging leaks, is caused by human factors, methods, materials, and storage. Operational practices that are still based on verbal instructions and data recording that has not yet been integrated result in suboptimal process control. Gap analysis shows that the implementation of TQM principles has not been optimal, particularly in the aspects of process standardisation, early damage prevention, employee involvement, and data-driven decision-making. As a recommendation, this study proposes the formalisation of production SOPs, comprehensive digitisation of the recording system, and the implementation of continuous improvement through the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle. The implementation of these strategies is expected to reduce product damage rates, improve quality consistency, and support operational effectiveness and business sustainability. 

Kata Kunci : Optimalisasi Proses Bisnis, Susu Kambing, Total Quality Management, Standard Operating Procedure, Digitalisasi.