Pengembangan Media Video Edukasi Adaptasi Perubahan Fisik Dan Psikologis Post Partum bagi Ibu Masa Postpartum

Christian Agustinus Margianto, Dr. Wenny Artanty, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes; Dr. Wiwin Lismidiati, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Mat

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang:
Masa postpartum merupakan periode penting bagi ibu setelah melahirkan yang ditandai oleh berbagai perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis. Kurangnya pemahaman ibu mengenai proses adaptasi tubuh dan emosi pascapersalinan dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya komplikasi, seperti infeksi dan perdarahan, serta gangguan psikologis, seperti postpartum blues dan depresi. Media edukasi konvensional, seperti Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA), dinilai kurang efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman ibu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan media edukasi audiovisual yang lebih interaktif, menarik, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan ibu postpartum.

Tujuan:
Mengetahui proses pengembangan serta tingkat kelayakan media video edukasi tentang adaptasi perubahan fisik dan psikologis pada ibu postpartum menggunakan model ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation).

Metode:
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE hingga tahap pengembangan. Subjek penelitian meliputi ahli materi, ahli media, dan ibu postpartum sebagai responden uji coba terbatas. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner validasi kelayakan isi dan tampilan menggunakan skala Likert 1–5 yang dikonversi menjadi nilai Content Validity Index (CVI). Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan hasil validasi dan uji coba.

Hasil:
Validasi oleh ahli materi memperoleh nilai rata-rata S-CVI/Ave sebesar 0,92 dengan kategori sangat layak, sedangkan validasi oleh ahli media memperoleh nilai sebesar 0,90 dengan kategori sangat layak. Uji coba kelompok kecil pada 10 responden ibu postpartum menunjukkan nilai rata-rata CVI sebesar 0,95 dengan kategori sangat layak. Revisi media dilakukan berdasarkan masukan dari validator, meliputi penambahan materi adaptasi otot abdomen, fase psikologis postpartum, serta perbaikan visual warna lochia dan penggunaan istilah medis. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa video edukasi ini layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dan promosi kesehatan bagi ibu postpartum.

Kesimpulan:
Media video edukasi mengenai adaptasi perubahan fisik dan psikologis pada ibu postpartum dinyatakan sangat layak sebagai sarana edukasi yang valid, menarik, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan sasaran. Produk ini diharapkan dapat menjadi inovasi pendukung dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesiapan ibu dalam menghadapi masa postpartum.

Background:
The postpartum period is a critical stage characterized by significant physiological and psychological changes that require adequate maternal understanding and appropriate self-care. Limited knowledge regarding physical and emotional adaptation during this period may increase the risk of complications, such as infection and hemorrhage, as well as psychological disorders including postpartum blues and depression. Conventional educational media, such as the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Book, have been found to be less effective in improving mothers’ comprehension. Therefore, the development of audiovisual educational media is necessary to provide more interactive, engaging, and accessible learning for postpartum women.

Objective:
To develop and determine the feasibility of an educational video on physiological and psychological adaptations in postpartum mothers using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation).

Method:
This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) design using the ADDIE model up to the implementation stage. Validation was conducted by material experts and media experts, followed by a small-group trial involving postpartum mothers. Data were collected using feasibility questionnaires based on a five-point Likert scale and converted into the Content Validity Index (CVI). Data analysis was performed descriptively based on expert validation and user testing results.

Results:
Validation by material experts yielded an average S-CVI/Ave score of 0.92, indicating very high feasibility, while validation by media experts resulted in a score of 0.90, also categorized as very feasible. Small-group testing with ten postpartum mothers showed an average CVI score of 0.95 (very feasible). Revisions were made based on expert feedback, including the addition of content on abdominal muscle adaptation and postpartum psychological phases, as well as improvements to lochia color visuals and medical terminology. The final product fulfilled criteria for validity, clarity, and usability as an educational medium.

Conclusion:
The educational video on physical and psychological adaptations in postpartum mothers is highly feasible as a valid, engaging, and appropriate health education medium. This product is expected to serve as an innovative tool to enhance maternal knowledge and preparedness during the postpartum period.

Kata Kunci : media edukasi, postpartum, adaptasi fisiologis, adaptasi psikologis, ADDIE, educational media, postpartum, physiological adaptation, psychological adaptation