Pelindungan Konsumen Penyalahgunaan Transaksi Gesek Tunai dalam Layanan Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL): Studi Kasus Shopee Pay Later

Adelia Widya Pramesti, Umar Mubdi, SH., MA.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HUKUM

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyalahgunaan transaksi gesek tunai (gestun) pada layanan BNPL Shopee Pay Later berdasarkan regulasi yang berlaku di Indonesia, mengkaji kepastian hukum pelindungan konsumen dalam transaksi tersebut.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara di lapangan, sementara data sekunder dikumpulkan dari bahan pustaka yang mencakup bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Seluruh data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa praktik gestun pada layanan BNPL Shopee Pay Later secara terang melanggar Syarat dan Ketentuan Shopee Pay Later serta Peraturan Bank Indonesia No. 23/6/PBI/2021 mengenai Penyedia Jasa Pembayaran yang melarang merchant melakukan transaksi yang tidak mencerminkan transaksi sebenarnya. Praktik ini juga melanggar syarat sah perjanjian pada KUHPerdata, regulasi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) serta beberapa pasal pada UU ITE. Lebih lanjut, keterlibatan sadar konsumen dalam transaksi terlarang ini menciptakan posisi hukum yang lemah. Tidak terpenuhinya unsur itikad baik dari sisi konsumen menghilangkan hak mereka atas pelindungan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pelindungan Konsumen (UUPK), sehingga mengakibatkan posisi konsumen menjadi lemah dan menghalangi akses terhadap mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif ketika terjadi kerugian.

This research aims to analyze the misuse of cash withdrawal in Shopee Pay Later’s BNPL (Buy Now Pay Later) service based on applicable regulations in Indonesia, to examine the legal certainty of consumer protection in such transactions.

This research employs a juridical empirical method with a descriptive analytical approach. Primary data were obtained through field interviews, while secondary data were collected from library materials, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. All collected data were then analyzed qualitatively.

The findings of this study finds that the practice of gestun in the BNPL Shopee Pay Later service clearly violates the Shopee Pay Later Terms and Conditions and Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 23/6/PBI/2021 concerning Payment Service Providers, which prohibits merchants from conducting transactions that do not reflect actual transactions. This practice also contravenes the validity requirements of agreements under the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), the regulations of the Financial Services Authority (OJK), as well as several provisions of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). Furthermore, the conscious involvement of consumers in this prohibited transaction creates a weak legal standing. The absence of good faith on the part of the consumer eliminates their right to protection under the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK), thereby placing the consumer in a weaker position and hindering access to effective dispute resolution mechanisms in the event of a loss.

Kata Kunci : Gestun, Buy Now Pay Later, Shopee Pay Later, Pelindungan Konsumen