COCONUT OIL OR POME AS CARBON SOURCES, AND ARGININE OR GLUTAMINE AS NITROGEN SOURCES, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOSURFACTANTS AND LIPASES BY BACTERIAL ISOLATES

Fany Aljihad, Prof. Ir. Irfan Dwidya Prijambada, M.Eng., Ph.D.; Dr.rer.nat. Yustian Rovi Alfiansah, M.Sc.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Bioteknologi

Studi ini mengeksplorasi potensi penggunaan minyak kelapa dan Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) sebagai sumber karbon, serta arginin dan glutamin sebagai sumber nitrogen, untuk menghasilkan biosurfaktan dan lipase dari Prescotella equi, Janibacter sp., dan Pseudomonas aestusnigri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pertumbuhan, fleksibilitas metabolik, dan kemampuan produksi biosurfaktan ketiga bakteri tersebut dalam berbagai kondisi. Bakteri yang diteliti diisolasi dari sedimen mangrove yang terkontaminasi tumpahan minyak di Nania, Maluku. Pertumbuhan bakteri diukur menggunakan kerapatan optik pada ? = 600 nm. Jumlah lipase yang dihasilkan ditentukan dengan mengukur intensitas warna biru yang muncul menggunakan ?-nitrofenil palmitat sebagai substrat pada ? = 410 nm. Uji drop collapse, uji emulsifikasi, dan metode Du-Nouy-Ring digunakan untuk mengkonfirmasi produksi biosurfaktan. Ekstrak biosurfaktan MkAG (Minyak kelapa + Arginin + Glutamin) dan PAG (POME + Arginin + Glutamin) dari Prescotella equi ditandai dengan spektroskopi Raman pada ?=532 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga bakteri dapat menggunakan minyak kelapa dan POME sebagai sumber karbon, serta arginin dan glutamin sebagai sumber nitrogen. Produksi lipase dan indeks emulsifikasi pada Prescotella equi dan Janibacter sp. telah mengungkapkan hubungan korelasi yang kuat dan konstan. MkAG dan PAG dari Prescotella equi menghasilkan ekstrak biosurfaktan kering terbanyak, masing-masing 10 mg dan 15 mg. Biosurfaktan yang dihasilkan diduga sebagai sophorolipid atau rhamnolipid, karena adanya ikatan kimia seperti NR3, C-N, C-O-C, CH3, dan CH2.

The study explored the potential use of coconut oil and Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as carbon sources, as well as arginine and glutamine as nitrogen sources, to produce biosurfactants and lipases from Prescotella equi, Janibacter sp., and Pseudomonas aestusnigri. The research aimed to evaluate the growth, metabolic flexibility, and biosurfactant production capabilities of the bacteria under various conditions. The bacteria under study were isolated from mangrove sediment contaminated with oil spills in Nania, Maluku. The growth of the bacteria was measured using optical density at ?=600 nm. The amount of lipase produced was determined by measuring the intensity of the blue color that appeared using ?-nitrophenyl palmitate as a substrate at ? = 410 nm. The drop collapse assay, emulsification assay, and Du-Nouy-Ring method were employed to confirm biosurfactant production. Biosurfactant extracts of MkAG (Coconut oil + Arginine + Glutamine) and PAG (POME + Arginine + Glutamine) of Prescotella equi were characterized by Raman spectroscopy at ?=532 nm. The results revealed that the three isolates can used coconut oil and POME for their carbon sources, and arginine and glutamine for their nitrogen sources. Lipase production and emulsification index in Prescotella equi and Janibacter sp. has revealed a strong and constant correlation link. MkAG and PAG of Prescotella equi produced the highest dried biosurfactant extracts, 10 mg and 15 mg, respectively. The biosurfactants of this treatment were characterized as sophorolipid or rhamnolipid, due to the presence of chemical bonds such as NR3, C-N, C-O-C, CH3, and CH2.

Kata Kunci : Biosurfactant, Lipase, Prescotella equi, POME, coconut oil