Estetika Diaspora Seni Rupa Bali Di Yogyakarta: Tinjauan Kosmologi Rwa Bhineda, Relevansinya Dengan Penguatan Representasi Nilai-Nilai Lokalitas Dalam Seni Rupa Kontemporer

I Gede Arya Sucitra, Prof. Dr. Lasiyo, M.A., M.M. ; Dr. Sindung Tjahyadi, M. Hum.

2024 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Filsafat

Penelitian disertasi ini tentang kajian filosofis transformasi estetika diaspora seni rupa Bali di Yogyakarta melalui tinjauan kosmologi Rwa bhineda. Penelitian berfokus pada aktualisasi representasi kosmologi dualitas Rwa bhineda yang bermakna “dua hal/kondisi yang bertentangan yang sesungguhnya saling menyeimbangkan”, menjadi basis fundamental kesadaran local wisdom, hakikat berkehidupan sosial, hingga paradigma proses penciptaan seni estetika seniman diaspora Bali di Yogyakarta. Dialektika estetika diaspora seni rupa Bali di Yogyakarta akan menyajikan cakrawala pengetahuan kosmologi modern Barat dan Timur, representasi estetika, warisan seni rupa tradisional-modern Bali, identitas diaspora Bali, relevansi nilai-nilai budaya dalam seni rupa kontemporer.

Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan perspektif interdisiplin filsafat seni dan hermeneutika melalui studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Objek material penelitian adalah seniman diaspora Bali dan karya seninya di Yogyakarta. Objek formal penelitian melalui pendekatan filsafat seni rupa (Philosophy of Visual Art). Dalam memahami elemen pengetahuan kultural dan gramatikal visual kekaryaan seniman diaspora Bali di Yogyakarta dengan pendekatan sistem representasi seni Stuart Hall yang memuat conceptual map, meaning, dan sign dipadukan dengan metode pemahaman, interpretasi, dan aplikasi dari hermeneutika Hans-Georg Gadamer.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa temuan. Pertama, konsepsi Rwa bhineda menjadi prinsip lokalitas bersifat dualistik, keseimbangan dan dalil filosofis penciptaan seni di Bali; kedua, hibriditas nilai-nilai filosofis lokalitas Bali, wacana kontemporer, dan paradigma seni modern pada estetika penciptaan seni seniman diaspora Bali, sebagai basis refleksi seni rupa kontemporer Bali; ketiga, visi ideologi berkomunitas seni seniman diaspora Bali dalam Sanggar Dewata Indonesia  adalah spirit multikulturalisme berdasarkan Pancasila; keempat, refleksi Rwa bhineda sebagai ‘inner cosmic spirit’ (taksu semesta batin) penciptaan seni berbasis kesadaran siklus kosmologis yakni penciptaan, perluasan, dan peleburan berdasar pada filsafat Hindu-Bali melalui representasi simbolik-metaforik elemen-elemen identitas budaya Bali berlandaskan pemikiran postmodern.   

 

Kata kunci: Estetika, Seniman Diaspora Bali, Kosmologi Rwa bhineda, Representasi Seni, Kearifan Lokal, Seni Rupa Kontemporer.

 

This dissertation research is about the philosophical study of the aesthetic transformation of the Balinese art diaspora in Yogyakarta through the perspective of Rwa bhineda cosmology. The research focuses on the actualisation of the cosmological representation of Rwa bhineda duality, which means “two things/conditions that are contradictory that balance each other”, becoming the fundamental basis of local wisdom awareness, the nature of social life, and the paradigm of the aesthetic art creation process of Balinese diaspora artists in Yogyakarta. The aesthetic dialectics of Balinese diaspora artists in Yogyakarta will present the knowledge horizons of Western and Eastern modern cosmology, aesthetic representation, Balinese traditional-modern art heritage, Balinese diaspora identity, and the relevance of cultural values in contemporary art.

The methode of research is qualitative, with an interdisciplinary perspective of philosophy of art and hermeneutics through literature and field studies. The material object of the research is Balinese diaspora artists and their artworks in Yogyakarta. The formal object of research is through the Philosophy of Visual Art approach. In understanding the cultural and grammatical elements of visual knowledge of Balinese diaspora artists in Yogyakarta with Stuart Hall’s art representation system approach that includes a conceptual map, meaning, and sign combined with the method of understanding, interpretation, and application of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics.

The research results show several findings. Firstly, the conception of Rwa bhineda becomes the principle of dualistic locality, balance and philosophical postulates of art creation in Bali; second, the hybridity of philosophical values of Balinese locality, contemporary discourse, and modern art paradigms in the aesthetics of art creation of Balinese diaspora artists, as a basis for reflection on contemporary Balinese art; third, the ideological vision of the Balinese diaspora artists’ art community in Sanggar Dewata Indonesia is the spirit of multiculturalism based on Pancasila; fourth, the reflection of Rwa bhineda as the ‘inner cosmic spirit’ (taksu semesta batin) of art creation based on cosmological cycle awareness, namely creation, expansion, and fusion based on Balinese Hindu philosophy through symbolic-metaphoric representations of elements of Balinese cultural identity based on postmodern thinking.  

 

Keywords: Aesthetics, Balinese Diaspora Artists, Rwa bhineda Cosmology, Art Representation, Local Wisdom, Contemporary Fine Art.

 

 

 

Kata Kunci : Estetika, Seniman Diaspora Bali, Kosmologi Rwa bhineda, Representasi Seni, Kearifan Lokal, Seni Rupa Kontemporer