Peran Person-Organization Fit dan Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Turnover Intention pada Karyawan PT X
Novia Sari, Dr. Noor Siti Rahmani, M.Sc., Psikolog
2024 | Tesis | S2 Magister Profesi Psikologi
Fenomena The Great
Resignation tidak hanya terjadi di Amerika Serikat,
tetapi juga di Indonesia yang menunjukkan bahwa satu dari lima pekerja akan
beralih ke perusahaan yang baru. Fenomena ini berkaitan dengan turnover intention karyawan yang dapat memberikan dampak negatif pada perusahaan.
Permasalahan ini terjadi pada salah satu industri tekstil di Indonesia, yaitu
PT X. Sejak tahun 2020 hingga tahun 2022, terjadi peningkatan angka turnover di
perusahaan. Secara umum, jumlah karyawan di PT X mengalami penurunan dari 947
orang pada Januari 2023 menjadi 914 orang pada Juli 2023. Adapun faktor yang
mempengaruhi turnover
intention karyawan adalah person-organization fit dan perceived
organizational support. Namun, referensi yang
membuktikan peran kedua variabel tersebut secara bersama-sama terhadap turnover intention masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin mengetahui hubungan
antara person-organization
fit dan perceived organizational support dengan turnover intention
pada karyawan PT X. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan
pengambilan data melalui skala psikologi yang disebarkan kepada karyawan PT X
sebagai partisipan penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan metode regresi berganda, ditemukan bahwa person-organization
fit dan perceived organizational support memiliki
hubungan negatif yang signifikan dengan turnover intention (F(2,289)= 81,4, p < 0>R2 = 0,360). Kedua
prediktor ini dapat memprediksi 36% varians dari turnover intention. Selain itu,
penelitian ini menemukan bahwa perceived organizational support memiliki
hubungan negatif yang signifikan dengan turnover intention (t(291) = -9,27, SE = 0,1056, p < 0>. Sedangkan, variabel person-organization fit tidak memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam memprediksi turnover intention saat terdapat perceived
organizational support (t(291) = -1,06,SE = 0,0969, p = 0,288, ? = -0,0641).
The Great
Resignation phenomenon does not only occur in the United States, but also in
Indonesia, which shows that one in five workers will switch to a new company.
This phenomenon is related to employee turnover intentions which can have a
negative impact on the company. This problem has occurred in one of the textile
industries in Indonesia, namely PT X. Since 2020, there has been an increase in
turnover numbers in PT X. In general, the number of employees at PT has
decreased from 947 people in January 2023 to 914 people in July 2023. Based on
empirical studies, the factors that influence turnover intention are
person-organization fit and perceived organizational support. However,
references that prove the role of these two variables together on turnover
intention are still limited. Therefore, researchers want to find out the
relationship between person-organization fit and perceived organizational
support and turnover intention among the employee of PT X. This research was
conducted by using a quantitative approach by collecting data using
psychological scales which was distributed to PT X employees as research
participants. According to the results of the multiple regression analysis
method, it was found that person-organization fit and perceived organizational
support has a significant negative relationship with turnover intention
(F(2,289) = 81,4, p < 0>2 = 0,360). The
combination of the predictors predicts 36% of the variance in turnover
intention. Furthermore, this research shows that perceived organizational
support has a significant negative relationship with turnover intention (t(291)
= -9,27, SE = 0,1056, p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>
Kata Kunci : organizational support, person-organization fit, turnover
