POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL HIBNUSIS KARYA MOHANED RAHMA: ANALISIS PSIKOLOGI SASTRA

ROYA KARTINIATI, Dra. Uswatun Hasanah, M.A.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 SASTRA ARAB

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap gangguan Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) tokoh utama yang meliputi gejala, penyebab, dan upaya penyembuhannya tokoh utama dalam novel Hibnusis karya Mohaned Rahma. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua landasan teori, yaitu teori struktural untuk mengungkap tokoh dan penokohan dan teori psikologi sastra dengan acuan konsep PTSD untuk mengungkap sebab trauma, gejala, serta upaya penyembuhan tokoh utama dari gangguan PTSD. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis struktural dan metode analisis psikologi sastra. Metode analisis struktural digunakan untuk menganalisis unsur tokoh utama dan penokohannya, sedangkan metode analisis psikologi sastra digunakan untuk menganalisis kejiwaan tokoh utama yang dibantu dengan konsep PTSD pada novel Hibnusis karya Mohaned Rahma. Berdasarkan analisis struktural terhadap novel Hibnusis karya Mohaned Rahma diketahui bahwa tokoh utama novel Hibnusis adalah Ammar, seorang laki-laki berusia 18 tahun yang kuliah di Universitas Khartoum, Sudan. Ammar, merupakan pemuda yang pandai, religius, patuh kepada orang tua, dan tertutup. Selain itu, Ammar, juga merupakan anak yatim piatu yang ditinggal keluarganya sejak kecil. Berdasarkan analisis psikologi sastra dengan mengacu pada konsep PTSD, ditemukan bahwa tokoh utama Ammar, mengalami gangguan PTSD yang disebabkan oleh paparan peristiwa konflik bersenjata milisi Janjaweed di desanya, Darfur sehingga menyebabkan Ammar, terpapar peristiwa kematian korban perang, mengetahui kematian keluarganya, dan tertembak di bagian dada. Peristiwa traumatis yang dialami Ammar, saat kecil membuat dirinya mengalami gejala-gejala PTSD saat dewasa, yakni berupa gejala intrusi, gejala reaksi fisiologis, gejala penghindaran, gejala perubahan kognisi dan suasana hati. Upaya penyembuhan PTSD pada Ammar, dilakukan melalui beberapa cara, yakni manajemen diri, bantuan atau dukungan teman dekat, dan bantuan psikiater.

This study aims to reveal the main character's Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) disorder which includes the symptoms, causes, and healing efforts of the main character in the novel Hibnusis by Mohaned Rahma. This study uses two theoretical foundations, namely structural theory to reveal characters and characterizations and literary psychological theory with reference to the concept of PTSD to reveal the causes of trauma, symptoms, and efforts to heal the main character from PTSD disorder. The method used in this study is the method of structural analysis and the method of analysis of literary psychology. The structural analysis method is used to analyze the main character's elements and their characterizations, while the literary psychology analysis method is used to analyze the psychology of the main character assisted by the concept of PTSD in the novel Hibnusis by Mohanned. Based on the structural analysis of the novel Hibnusis by Mohaned Rahma, it is known that the main character of the novel Hibnusis Ammar, an 18 year old male who studies at Khartoum University, Sudan. Ammar, is a smart young man, religious, obedient to his parents, and closed off. In addition, 'Ammar,was also an orphan who was abandoned by his family when he was young. Based on the analysis of literary psychology with reference to the concept of PTSD, it was found that the main character 'Ammar, experienced PTSD disorder caused by exposure to the incident of armed conflict with the Janjaweed militia in his village, Darfur, which caused 'Ammar, to be exposed to the death of a war victim, learned about the death of his family, and was shot in the chest. The traumatic events that 'Ammar, experienced as a child made him experience PTSD symptoms as an adult in the form of intrusive symptoms, physiological reaction symptoms, avoidance symptoms, symptoms of changes in cognition and mood. Efforts to cure PTSD in 'Ammar, were carried out in several ways, namely self- management , the help or support of close friends, and the help of a psychiatrist.

Kata Kunci : Mohanned Rahma, Hibnusis, PTSD, psikologi sastra, tokoh utama/Mohanned Rahma, Hibnusis, PTSD, literary psychology, main character