PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI BADAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PERHUBUNGAN

HENNY PUSPANINGRUM, Prof. Djamaludin Ancok, Ph.D.

2018 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Badan Litbang Perhubungan. Dua hipotesis yang akan dibuktikan dalam penelitian ini, adanya pengaruh positif gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja pegawai dan adanya pengaruh positif motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Badan Litbang Perhubungan. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder dan primer (kuesioner), penentuan sampel menggunakan metode Sampling Insidental terhadap pegawai Badan Litbang Perhubungan yaitu sebanyak 80 responden yang terdiri dari 52,5% responden laki-laki dan 47,5% responden wanita, usia 20 - 30 tahun sebanyak 22,5%, usia 31 - 40 tahun sebanyak 31,25%, usia 41 - 50 tahun sebanyak 33,75% , dan usia 51 tahun ke atas sebanyak 12,5%. Berdasarkan pangkat golongan, responden golongan II sebanyak 30%, golongan III sebanyak 43,75% dan golongan IV sebanyak 26,25% dengan masa kerja responden antara 1 - 10 tahun sebanyak 25%, 11 - 20 tahun sebanyak 28,75%, 21 - 30 tahun sebanyak 35% dan yang 30 tahun ke atas sebanyak 11,25%. Penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis data secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Uji instrumen menggunakan rumus-rumus Analisis Jalur (Path Analysis) semua pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan α = 0,05 dan terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas, reliabilitas (Cronbachs Alpha) terhadap instrumen penelitian (30 responden). Berdasarkan uji signifikansi regresi linier berganda maka hasil penelitian ini adalah Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Badan Litbang Perhubungan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan angka nilai koefisien regresi (β) sebesar 0,460 atau 46% dengan taraf signifkan 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05, sedangkan berdasarkan uji hipotesis diperoleh thitung > ttabel atau 5,214 lebih besar dari 1,991. Motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Badan Litbang Perhubungan yang dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar regresi (β) sebesar 0,485 atau 48,5% dengan taraf signifkan 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05, sedangkan berdasarkan uji hipotesis secara parsial diperoleh thitung > ttabel atau 5,508 lebih besar dari 1,991. Hasil uji hipotesis secara simultan (uji F) dengan taraf signifkan 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05 dan nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (175,564 > 3,13) maka Ho ditolak, artinya ada pengaruh signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan motivasi kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai di Badan Litbang Perhubungan.

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of transformational leadership style and work motivation on employee performance at Litbang Perhubungan. There were two hypotheses to be proved in this research, the positive effect of transformational leadership style on employee performance and the positive effect of work motivation on employee performance at Litbang Perhubungan. This research was using secondary and primary data (questionnaire), sampling technique was using incidental sampling method toward employee of Litbang Perhubungan which included 80 respondents consisting of 52.5% of male respondents and 47.5% of female respondents, age 20 - 30 years as much as 22,5%, age 31 - 40 years as much as 31,25%, age 41 - 50 years old as much as 33,75%, and age 51 years and above as much as 12,5%. Based on the grading of Indonesian civil servants, respondent of level II was 30%, level III was 43,75% and level IV was 26,25% with working period between 1 - 10 years counted as 25%, 11-20 years as 28,75%, 21 - 30 years as many as 35% and the 30 years and above as much as 11.25%. The research used data analysis technique descriptively and inferential. Instrument test was using Path Analysis formula. All hypothesis testing is done by using α = 0,05 and firstly tested validity, reliability (Cronbach's Alpha) to research instrument (30 respondents). Based on multiple linier regression significance test, the result of this research was transformational leadership style has positive and significant effect toward employee performance of Research and Development Agency or Litbang Perhubungan, this was proved by the value of regression coefficient (β) equal to 0,460 or 46% with significant level 0,001 which was less than 0, 05, while based on hypothesis test was obtained tcount> ttable or 5,214 was bigger than 1,991. Motivation of work has positive and significant effect toward the performance of employee of Research and Development Agency or Litbang Perhubungan which was proved by regression coefficient value equal to regression (β) equal to 0,485 or 48,5% with significant level 0,001 which was less than 0,05, while based on partial hypothesis test was obtained tcount> ttable or 5.508 greater than 1.991. The result of hypothesis test simultaneously (F test) with significance level 0,001 was less than 0.05 and Fcount> Ftable (175,564> 3,13) then Ho was rejected, meaning there was significant influence between transformational leadership style and work motivation on the performance of employee in the Litbang Perhubungan.

Kata Kunci : gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja, kinerja pegawai/leadership style, work motivation, employee performance.