PERAN KOPING RELIGIUS DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP RESILIENSI PADA JANDA USIA MADYA PASCA KEMATIAN PASANGAN HIDUP

TIAS WULAN SARI, Dr. Wisjnu Martani, SU.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Menjanda pasca kematian suami pada usia madya merupakan masalah utama dalam menjalani kehidupan rumah tangga. Sebagai upaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, seorang janda perlu meningkatkan resiliensi. Resiliensi didefinisikan sebagai kemampuan individu dalam mengatasi masalah dan tekanan secara lebih efektif. Resiliensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal (seperti: spriritual dan motivasi, kompetensi kognitif, kompetensi sosial, emosi, dan kesejahteraan fisik) dan faktor eksternal (seperti: dukungan sosial). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara koping religius, dukungan sosial, dan resiliensi pada janda usia madya pasca kematian pasangan hidup. Subyek pada penilitian ini adalah wanita usia madya (rentang usia 40-65 tahun) dalam keadaan menjanda 5 tahun akibat kematian suami di Kelurahan T kota Y. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tiga skala, yaitu skala resiliensi, skala koping religius, dan skala dukungan sosial. Uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi ganda dengan memasukkan koping religius dan dukungan sosial sebagai variabel prediktor dan resiliensi sebagai variabel kriterium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai R2 pada model regresi adalah sebesar 0.246 dengan memasukkan variabel koping religius dan dukungan sosial secara bersama-sama sebagai variabel prediktor. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa koping religius dan dukungan sosial secara bersama-sama mampu meningkatkan resiliensi pada janda usia madya pasca kematian pasangan hidup.

Be a widow after the husband's death in middle age is a major problem in womans live while do a domestic life. The lack of support both emotionally and materially increases the burden after the death of her husband and the responsibility of the widow in the next life. The state of widowhood after the death of a husband can lead to sadness and deep sorrow that could increase pressure, anxiety, stress and depression. In an effort to overcome these problems, a widow need improve their resilience. Resilience is defined as the individual's ability to cope with problems and stress more effectively, the ability to rise from the problem, disappointment and trauma, as well as to develop a more realistic goal. Resilience is influenced by internal factors (such as spiritual and motivational, cognitive competence, social competence, emotional, and physical well-being) and external factors (such as social support). This study aims to determine the relationship between religious coping, social support, and the resilience of middle-aged widow after the death of a spouse. The subjects of this research are women of middle age (age range 40-65 years) in a state of widowhood 5 years as a result of her husband's death in Kelurahan Terban Yogyakarta. The measuring instrument in this study is using three scales, which are the resilience scale, the scale of religious coping, and social support scale. In this study the hypotheses is tested with using double regression analysis by incorporating religious coping and social support as predictor variables and resilience as the criterion variable. The results showed that the score of R2 in the regression model is of 0.246 by inserting variable religious coping and social support together as a predictor variable. The results of this study prove that religious coping and social support jointly able to improve the resilience of middle-aged widow after the death of a spouse.

Kata Kunci : Resiliensi, koping religius, dukungan sosial