Analisis Strategi dan Upaya Pengendalian Risiko Operasional Pada Aktivitas Penagihan Segmen Kredit Mikro: Studi Kasus Pada PT Bank XYZ

ARY ANDANA, Erni Ekawati, Ph.D

2015 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Bank XYZ berupaya meningkatkan portfolio di segmen retail banking baik dalam bidang retail deposit dan payment maupun retail financing. Salah satu bentuk implementasinya adalah dengan melakukan ekspansi pembiayaan pada kredit mikro. Namun demikian, dalam usaha mencapai tujuan tersebut, Bank XYZ tidak terlepas dari berbagai hambatan dan risiko, termasuk risiko operasional. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) mendefinisikan risiko operasional sebagai risiko akibat kegagalan yang terjadi pada proses internal, orang dan sistem yang berasal dari kejadian eksternal. Saat ini upaya pengendalian risiko operasional yang terjadi pada aktivitas penagihan segmen kredit mikro belum dilaksanakan secara terintegrasi antara unit bisnis dan unit penagihan (risk management) sehingga penanganan risiko operasional tersebut masih belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh Bank XYZ dalam melaksanakan risk assesment atas risiko operasional pada aktivitas penagihan segmen kredit mikro dan upaya mitigasi yang dilakukan terhadap risiko operasional utama pada aktivitas penagihan segmen kredit mikro. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini adalah: melakukan penilaian terhadap risiko operasional yang telah diidentifikasi tersebut yakni penilaian terhadap inherent risk, control activities, dan composite risk, membuat risk matrix, dan menentukan strategi pengendalian risiko operasional. Hasil risk assesment terhadap risiko operasional pada aktivitas penagihan segmen kredit mikro Bank XYZ, diketahui bahwa risiko terjadinya fraud yang tidak tertangani (missing payment dan pending payment) akibat mekanisme penagihan yang dilaksanakan secara join effort merupakan risiko utama yang dihadapi. Upaya mitigasi yang dapat dilakukan terhadap risiko operasional utama pada aktivitas penagihan segmen kredit mikro, yaitu perlu dilakukan penyesuaian terhadap mekanisme yakni dengan melimpahkan tugas dan tanggung jawab penagihan kredit mikro kepada unit penagihan (risk management) saja

XYZ Bank seeks to increase the portfolio in the retail banking segment both in the field of retail deposits and retail financing and payment. One form of implementation is the expansion of micro credit financing. However, in order to achieve these objectives, the Bank XYZ is inseparable from the various obstacles and risks, including operational risks. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) defines operational risk as the risk due to failures in internal processes, people and systems derived from external events. Currently operational risk control efforts that occur in the micro credit segment collection activity has not been implemented in an integrated manner between the business unit and the collection unit (risk management) so that operational risk management is still not optimal. This study aims to analyze the way that can be done by Bank XYZ in carrying out the risk assessment on operational risk at the micro credit segment collection activity and mitigation measures undertaken against major operational risks in the collection activity of micro credit segment. Stages in this study are: to evaluate the operational risks that have been identified is the assessment of the inherent risk, control activities, and composite risk, create a risk matrix, and determining the operational risk control strategy. The results of the risk assessment of the operational risk collection activity XYZ Bank micro credit segment, it is known that the risk of fraud is not handled (missing payment and pending payment) due to collection mechanism implemented in a joint effort is a major risk faced. Mitigation efforts that are made to the main operational risks in the collection activity of micro credit segment, which is necessary to make adjustments to the mechanism to delegate tasks and responsibilities of micro-credit collection to the collection unit (risk management) course

Kata Kunci : penagihan segmen kredit mikro, risiko operasional, risk assesment, operational risk control strategy