Analisis dan Mitigasi Risiko Operasional dalam Proses Manajemen Aset Tanah PT Pertamina (Persero) pada Aset Baciro

Irwan Fathoni, Prof. Ir. Nur Aini Masruroh, ST., M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis risiko operasional dalam proses manajemen Aset Tanah Baciro milik PT Pertamina (Persero), menentukan profil risiko dominan, menjelaskan penyebab dan dampak risiko prioritas, serta merumuskan rekomendasi mitigasi. Aset tersebut sebelumnya digunakan untuk mendukung Fasilitas Penyimpanan LPG, tetapi tidak lagi digunakan setelah HGB berakhir dan penyelesaian status hak belum memperoleh keputusan. Penelitian menggunakan desain interpretatif kualitatif yang didukung oleh analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Tahap kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dengan BPN DIY, Dispertaru DIY, Panitikismo, dan PT Pertamina (Persero) untuk mengidentifikasi risk event, penyebab, dampak, kontrol yang telah berjalan, dan alternatif penanganan. Hasil wawancara dikelompokkan menggunakan Risk Breakdown Structure dan digunakan untuk menyusun instrumen RFMEA. Tahap berikutnya berupa penilaian kuantitatif terhadap likelihood, impact, dan detection oleh sepuluh narasumber ahli internal PT Pertamina (Persero), dengan skor kelompok dihitung menggunakan geometric mean. Penelitian mengidentifikasi 24 risk event dalam delapan kategori. R-13 menjadi risiko dengan RPN tertinggi sebesar 62,77, diikuti R-21 sebesar 58,02, R-14 sebesar 57,58, R-01 sebesar 57,45, dan R-07 sebesar 52,08. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ketidakpastian legal, administratif, dan kelembagaan telah memengaruhi functional availability, pengamanan fisik, pencatatan aset, serta kepastian pengambilan keputusan. Sebanyak 20 risiko memperoleh respons mitigate, dua accept, dua transfer, dan tidak ada risiko dengan respons avoid. Rekomendasi mitigasi mencakup penguatan pengamanan fisik, pemulihan dokumen, rekonsiliasi data, pemetaan prosedur, koordinasi lintas lembaga, penilaian kebutuhan fasilitas alternatif, dan pengembangan sistem peringatan dini. Rekomendasi tersebut masih berupa usulan dan belum diuji melalui implementasi.

This study aims to identify and analyse operational risks in the management of PT Pertamina (Persero)'s Baciro land asset, determine the dominant risk profile, explain the causes and impacts of priority risks, and formulate mitigation recommendations. The asset previously supported an LPG Storage Facility but is no longer used after the Building Use Right expired and the land-right settlement remained unresolved. The study applies an interpretative qualitative design supported by descriptive quantitative analysis. The qualitative stage involved semi-structured interviews with the Yogyakarta Regional Office of the National Land Agency, the Yogyakarta Special Region Land and Spatial Planning Agency, Panitikismo, and PT Pertamina (Persero) to identify risk events, causes, impacts, existing controls, and alternative treatments. The interview findings were classified using a Risk Breakdown Structure and used to develop the RFMEA instrument. The next stage involved a quantitative assessment of likelihood, impact, and detection by ten internal expert respondents from PT Pertamina (Persero), with group scores aggregated using the geometric mean. The study identified 24 risk events across eight categories. R-13 recorded the highest RPN at 62.77, followed by R-21 at 58.02, R-14 at 57.58, R-01 at 57.45, and R-07 at 52.08. The results show that legal, administrative, and institutional uncertainties have affected functional availability, physical safeguarding, asset records, and management decision certainty. Twenty risks were assigned a mitigate response, two an accept response, two a transfer response, and none an avoid response. The mitigation recommendations include strengthening physical safeguarding, recovering documents, reconciling data, mapping procedures, coordinating across institutions, assessing alternative facility needs, and developing an early warning system. These recommendations remain proposed actions and have not yet been tested through implementation.

Kata Kunci : risiko operasional, manajemen aset tanah, Risk Breakdown Structure, RFMEA, asset availability