EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PERESEPAN ELEKTRONIK DALAM MENURUNKAN MEDICATION ERROR DAN MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN RESEP RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET

Joko Sudarsono, Prof. Dr. apt. Satibi., M.Si ; dr. M. Lutfan Lazuardi, M.Kes., Ph.D ; apt. Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, M.P.H., Ph.D

2026 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Farmasi

Penggunaan sistem kesehatan digital di Indonesia meningkat, namun evaluasi implementasi electronic prescribing yang mengintegrasikan aspek klinis (medication error) dan penerimaan teknologi masih terbatas, khususnya di rumah sakit pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas Sistem Peresepan Elektronik (SPE) di RS UNS dalam menurunkan medication error administratif, mempercepat waktu tunggu resep rawat jalan, serta mengevaluasi penerimaan pengguna berdasarkan kerangka Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).Desain penelitian menggunakan intervention mixed method dengan pendekatan quasi-experimental pre-post test without control group. Tahapan meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan model melalui wawancara dan pengembangan instrumen, implementasi sistem, serta evaluasi efektivitas dan penerimaan. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari observasi 400 resep periode pra-implementasi (Oktober–Desember 2023) dan 400 resep pasca-implementasi (September–November 2024) dengan consecutive sampling. Jenis medication error yang diukur mencakup prescribing error (11 indikator administratif), transcribing error (2 indikator), dan dispensing error (5 indikator). Analisis efektivitas dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank, dan paired t-test. Penerimaan pengguna diukur melalui survei terhadap 50 responden (dokter, apoteker, tenaga vokasi farmasi) dan dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda sesuai jalur TAM.Hasil menunjukkan SPE menurunkan prescribing error administratif dari 81,5 persen menjadi 0 persen (x² = 383,763; p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>

The adoption of digital health systems in Indonesia has increased, yet evaluations of electronic prescribing that simultaneously integrate clinical outcomes (medication error) and technology acceptance remain limited, particularly in teaching hospitals. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Electronic Prescribing System (EPS) at UNS Hospital in reducing administrative prescribing errors, shortening outpatient prescription waiting times, and assessing user acceptance based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).
The research employed an intervention mixed method design with a quasi experimental pre post test without control group. The stages included needs analysis, system design through interviews and instrument development, implementation, and evaluation of effectiveness and acceptance. Quantitative data were collected from 400 prescriptions during the pre implementation period (October–December 2023) and 400 prescriptions during the post implementation period (September–November 2024) using consecutive sampling. Medication errors measured comprised prescribing errors (11 administrative indicators), transcribing errors (2 indicators), and dispensing errors (5 indicators). Effectiveness was analyzed using Chi Square, Wilcoxon Signed Rank, and paired t tests. User acceptance was assessed through a survey of 50 respondents (physicians, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians) and analyzed with stepwise multiple linear regression according to TAM pathways.
Results showed that EPS reduced administrative prescribing errors from 81.5 percent to 0 percent (x² = 383.763; p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>

Kata Kunci : Sistem Peresepan Elektronik, Medication Error, Technology Acceptance Model, mutu pelayanan, RS UNS