Implementasi Kebijakan Pertanian Terintegrasi dengan Pendekatan Logic Model: Studi Kasus Program Tanam Jagung Panen Sapi (TJPS) di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya

DEDE ALEXANDER BAHA SINUOR, Prof. Drs. Torontuan K. Yeremias, S.U., MURP., Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | MAGISTER MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK

Program Tanam Jagung Panen Sapi (TJPS) merupakan kebijakan strategis Pemerintah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur untuk mengatasi kemiskinan dan memperkuat ketahanan pangan melalui integrasi sektor pertanian dan peternakan. Di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, program ini bertransformasi dari pola reguler menjadi pola kemitraan (TJPS-PK) yang melibatkan ekosistem pembiayaan perbankan dan offtaker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kebijakan TJPS dengan menganalisis kesesuaian antara perencanaan dan pelaksanaan, mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat, serta mengukur capaian outcome jangka pendek menggunakan pendekatan Logic Model, Teori Implementasi Kebijakan (Pressman & Wildavsky), dan Teori Sistem Politik (David Easton). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pemangku kepentingan (Dinas Pertanian, DPRD, Perbankan, Offtaker, Petani), observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumen. Data dianalisis menggunakan Logic Model untuk memetakan alur input, Activity, output, outcome,dan impact.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi TJPS berhasil meningkatkan produksi jagung secara signifikan melalui input benih unggul dan pola kemitraan. Namun, integrasi antara pertanian jagung dan peternakan sapi ("Panen Sapi") belum terwujud secara operasional; pendapatan hasil panen jagung lebih banyak digunakan untuk kebutuhan konsumtif atau pembelian ternak kecil, bukan sapi. Ditemukan tiga tipologi petani pasca-implementasi: petani mandiri yang berhasil, petani yang cukup berhasil dengan pola reguler, dan petani yang gagal karena terlilit utang dalam skema kredit. Faktor penghambat utama meliputi ketidaktepatan distribusi input, anomali iklim, lemahnya koordinasi lintas sektor, dan bias administratif dalam evaluasi kinerja. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembentukan Satgas Integrasi lintas dinas dengan indikator kinerja bersama (Shared KPI) serta reorientasi pendampingan menuju pembentukan wirausahawan tani terpadu untuk menjamin keberlanjutan program.

Integrated Corn-Cattle Farming (TJPS) program is a strategic policy of the East Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government to alleviate poverty and strengthen food security through the integration of the agricultural and livestock sectors. In Southwest Sumba Regency, this program has transformed from a regular pattern to a partnership pattern (TJPS-PK) involving a banking financing ecosystem and offtakers. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the TJPS policy by analyzing the alignment between planning and execution, identifying supporting and inhibiting factors, and measuring short-term outcome achievements using the Logic Model approach, Policy Implementation Theory (Pressman & Wildavsky), and Systems Theory (David Easton). This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with stakeholders (Agriculture Office, Regional Parliament, Banks, Offtakers, Farmers), field observations, and document studies. Data was analyzed using the Logic Model to map the flow of inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts.

The results indicate that the implementation of TJPS successfully increased corn production significantly through superior seed inputs and partnership patterns. However, the integration between corn farming and cattle farming ("Panen Sapi") has not been realized operationally; corn harvest revenues are mostly used for consumption needs or purchasing small livestock, not cattle. Three typologies of farmers were found post-implementation: successful independent farmers, farmers who were moderately successful with the regular pattern, and farmers who failed due to debt in the credit scheme. The main inhibiting factors included inaccurate input distribution, climate anomalies, weak cross-sectoral coordination, and administrative bias in performance evaluation. This study recommends the establishment of a cross-agency Integration Task Force with Shared KPIs and a reorientation of assistance towards forming integrated farmer entrepreneurs to ensure program sustainability.

Kata Kunci : Implementasi Kebijakan, Logic Model, Pertanian Terintegrasi, TJPS, Ketahanan Pangan, Sumba Barat Daya