Hubungan Internet Gaming Disorder Dengan Kejadian Nyeri Kepala Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Yogyakarta

Naufal, Dr. dr. Cempaka Thursina Srie Setyaningrum, Sp. N., Subsp.Ped(K); dr. Subagya, Sp. N., Subsp.NGD(K)

2026 | Tesis-Spesialis | S2 Ilmu Penyakit Saraf

Latar Belakang: Dewasa ini, internet merupakan hal pokok yang tidak bisa dihilangkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Penggunaan internet, terutama untuk bermain game sangat marak dikalangan anak-anak. Aktivitas gaming yang berlebihan dapat mengakibatkan gangguan yang disebut Internet Gaming Disorder, dimana dampaknya sangat beragam pada populasi anak-anak, salah satunya adalah dampak fisik seperti nyeri kepala.

Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan Internet Gaming Disorder dengan kejadian nyeri kepala pada anak sekolah dasar di Yogyakarta.

Metode: Studi potong lintang pada anak usia 10 - 13 tahun di Donokerto, Sleman. Penilaian Internet Gaming Disorder dengan menggunakan kuisioner Game Addiction Scale-7 (GAS-7) yang sudah divalidasi di Indonesia. Asesmen nyeri kepala dengan menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur sesuai diagnosis International Classification of Headache Disorders III (ICHD-III). Analisis statistik mencakup analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik multivariat.

Hasil: Didapatkan 282 subjek anak dengan median usia 11 tahun. Prevalensi IGD ditemukan pada 100 subjek (35,5%). Kejadian nyeri kepala pada kelompok IGD sebesar 43 orang (43,9%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara IGD dengan nyeri kepala (p=0,031) dan derajat nyeri kepala (p=0,049). Namun, analisis multivariat menunjukkan hanya durasi permainan >3 jam/hari yang berpengaruh secara independen terhadap nyeri kepala (p=0,014, OR=1,882), sedangkan IGD tidak signifikan secara statistik (p=0,458).

Kesimpulan: Internet Gaming Disorder tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian nyeri kepala pada anak sekolah dasar di Yogyakarta secara independen.

Background: Nowadays, the internet is an essential element of human life. Internet use, particularly for gaming, is highly prevalent among children. Excessive gaming activities can lead to a condition known as Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), which has various impacts on the pediatric population, including physical consequences such as headaches.

Objective: To determine the relationship between Internet Gaming Disorder and the incidence of headaches among elementary school children in Yogyakarta.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged 10–13 years in Donokerto, Sleman. Internet Gaming Disorder was assessed using the Game Addiction Scale-7 (GAS-7) questionnaire, which has been validated in Indonesia. Headache assessment was performed using a structured questionnaire based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders III (ICHD-III) diagnostic criteria. Statistical analysis included bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Results: A total of 282 subjects were recruited with a median age of 11 years. The prevalence of IGD was found in 100 subjects (35.5%). The incidence of headaches in the IGD group was 43 subjects (43.9%). Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between IGD and the occurrence of headaches (p=0.031) as well as the severity of headaches (p=0.049). However, multivariate analysis revealed that only a gaming duration of >3 hours/day was independently associated with headaches (p=0.014, OR=1.882), while IGD was not statistically significant (p=0.458).

Conclusion: Internet Gaming Disorder is not independently associated with the incidence of headaches among elementary school children in Yogyakarta.

Kata Kunci : Internet Gaming Disorder, nyeri kepala, anak