Efektivitas Lembaga Tim Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah (TPID) dari Perspektif Adaptive Governance: Analisis Komparatif Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Jawa Barat dan Sumatra Utara

WARSONO, Prof Dr Wahyudi Kumorotomo; Dr Nunuk Dwi retnandari; Dr Media Wahyudi Askar

2026 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Administrasi Negara

Pandemi COVID-19 menciptakan krisis multidimensi yang secara signifikan meningkatkan kompleksitas dan ketidakpastian dalam pengendalian inflasi di Indonesia. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas proses pengendalian inflasi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dari perspektif adaptive governance oleh Tim Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah (TPID) Provinsi Sumatra Utara dan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Secara khusus, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan deskriptif dan eksplanatif untuk memahami bagaimana mekanisme tata kelola adaptif diterapkan melalui fleksibilitas proses pengambilan keputusan, konten kebijakan, dan struktur kelembagaan, serta bagaimana berbagai hambatan adaptasi memengaruhi efektivitas koordinasi pengendalian inflasi daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus multi-situs komparatif dan bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Analisis difokuskan pada indikator-indikator flexible arrangements dan barriers to flexible arrangements dalam kerangka adaptive governance, yang meliputi proses pengambilan keputusan, konten kebijakan, danstruktur organisasi, serta distribusi kewenangan, distribusi biaya, dan dinamika kepercayaan antaraktor. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan analisis dokumen, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik dengan dukungan perangkat lunak NVivo untuk pengodean dan penguatan konsistensi analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TPID di kedua provinsi menerapkan berbagai bentuk adaptasi kebijakan dalam merespons disrupsi pandemi, terutama melalui penyesuaian mekanisme koordinasi, diversifikasi atau fleksibilitas implementasi kebijakan, serta pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Namun demikian, efektivitas adaptive governance tidak bersifat seragam dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh konteks kelembagaan, kapasitas koordinasi lintas aktor, serta munculnya hambatan berupa ketidakjelasan distribusi kewenangan, tekanan distribusi biaya akibat refocusing anggaran, dan dinamika distrust. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan literatur kebijakan publik dengan menempatkan pengendalian inflasi sebagai proses tata kelola adaptif yang tidak hanya diukur melalui capaian inflasi, tetapi juga melalui dinamika proses kelembagaan di baliknya. Temuan ini menegaskan relevansi adaptive governance sebagai kerangka analitis non-moneter dalam memahami pengendalian inflasi daerah pada situasi krisis, sekaligus menjadi dasar perumusan rekomendasi kebijakan yang lebih adaptif, akuntabel, dan kontekstual pada masa krisis maupun pascakrisis.

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a multidimensional crisis that significantly increased the complexity and uncertainty of inflation control in Indonesia. In this context, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the inflation control process during the COVID-19 pandemic from an adaptive governance perspective, focusing on the Regional Inflation Control Institution (Tim Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah/TPID) of North Sumatra Province and West Java Province. Specifically, this research pursues both descriptive and explanatory objectives to understand how adaptive governance mechanisms were implemented through flexibility in decision-making processes, policy content, and institutional structures, as well as how various barriers to adaptation affected the effectiveness of regional inflation control coordination. This study employs a qualitative approach using a comparative multi-site case study design with a descriptive-analytical orientation. The analysis focuses on indicators of flexible arrangements and barriers to flexible arrangements within the adaptive governance framework, encompassing decision-making processes, policy content, and organizational structures, as well as the distribution of authority, cost distribution, and inter-actor trust dynamics. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document analysis, and subsequently analyzed thematically with the support of NVivo software for coding and enhancing the consistency of qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that TPID in both provinces implemented various forms of policy adaptation in response to pandemic-induced disruptions, particularly through adjustments in coordination mechanisms, diversification or flexibility in policy implementation, and the utilization of information technology. However, the effectiveness of adaptive governance was not uniform and was strongly influenced by institutional contexts, cross-actor coordination capacity, and the emergence of barriers such as unclear distribution of authority, cost-distribution pressures resulting from budget refocusing, and dynamics of distrust. This study contributes to the public policy literature by positioning inflation control as an adaptive governance process that should be assessed not only through inflation outcomes, but also through the underlying institutional dynamics. These findings underscore the relevance of adaptive governance as a non-monetary analytical framework for understanding regional inflation control in times of crisis, while also providing a basis for formulating more adaptive, accountable, and context-sensitive policy recommendations in both crisis and post-crisis periods.

Kata Kunci : adaptive governance; TPID