Analisis Penerimaan Sistem e-Procurement di Industri Hulu Migas

Aufa Laelani Anjali, Ir. Hilya Mudrika Arini, S.T., M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D., IPM., Asean Eng.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Industri

Evolusi teknologi digital yang pesat mendorong transformasi yang cukup signifikan pada proses pengadaan, khususnya di industri hulu minyak dan gas. Digitalisasi pengadaan melalui e-procurement menjadi instrumen strategis untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, akuntabilitas, serta transparansi proses bisnis. Namun demikian, tingkat keberhasilan implementasi sistem digital procurement sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor teknologi, dukungan organisasi, dan kesiapan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keberhasilan implementasi sistem e-procurement SMART by GEP melalui pengembangan kerangka Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) yang diperluas dengan penambahan variabel Facilitating Conditions dan System Quality.

Studi ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif yang mana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner kepada 49 partisipan yang mencakup analyst pengadaan, analyst fungsi pengguna, serta penyedia barang/jasa di Perusahaan. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diolah menggunakan teknik Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) untuk menguji keterkaitan sebab-akibat antarvariabel serta mengevaluasi tingkat keabsahan dan keandalan model penelitian.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model integrasi TAM dengan variabel Facilitating Conditions dan System Quality mampu menjelaskan 46,2% variasi pada konstruk Intention to Use (R² = 0,462; Q² = 0,259). Facilitating Conditions menjadi faktor dominan (beta = 0,463; p = 0.001) diikuti dengan Perceived Ease of Use (beta = 0,309; p = 0,006) dan Perceived Usefulness (beta = 0,241; p = 0,034), sedangkan System Quality dan Result Demonstrability tidak signifikan. Secara demografis, hanya jenis kelamin yang berpengaruh terhadap intensi penggunaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adopsi e-procurement bersifat compliance-driven, sehingga keberhasilan jangka panjang memerlukan peningkatan kualitas sistem, penyederhanaan antarmuka, dan program sosialisasi berkelanjutan, sekaligus memperluas penerapan TAM dalam konteks industri hulu migas. 

The rapid evolution of digital technology has driven significant transformations in procurement processes, particularly in the upstream oil and gas industry. Digitalization of procurement through e-procurement has become a strategic tool for improving efficiency, accountability, and transparency in business processes. However, the success of implementing a digital procurement system is heavily influenced by technological factors, organizational support, and user readiness. This study aims to evaluate the successful implementation of the SMART by GEP e-procurement system through the development of an expanded Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework with the addition of Facilitating Conditions and System Quality variables.

This study employed a quantitative method, collecting data using questionnaires from 49 participants, including procurement analysts, user function analysts, and goods/services providers within the company. The collected data were then processed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the causal relationships between variables and evaluate the validity and reliability of the research model.

The results showed that the TAM integration model with the Facilitating Conditions and System Quality variables was able to explain 46.2% of the variation in the Intention to Use construct (R² = 0.462; Q² = 0.259). Facilitating Conditions was the dominant factor (beta = 0.463; p = 0.001), followed by Perceived Ease of Use (beta = 0.309; p = 0.006) and Perceived Usefulness (beta = 0.241; p = 0.034), while System Quality and Result Demonstrability were not significant. Demographically, only gender had an effect on the intention to use. The results of this study indicate that e-procurement adoption is compliance-driven, so long-term success requires improving system quality, simplifying interfaces, and ongoing socialization programs, while expanding the application of TAM in the context of the upstream oil and gas industry.

Kata Kunci : e-procurement, Technology Acceptance Model, upstream oil and gas industry, digital procurement, facilitating condition, system quality, PLS-SEM