Determinan Kunci High Performance Organization dalam Percepatan Pendaftaran Tanah di Indonesia: Peran Kepemimpinan Publik, Budaya Organisasi, dan Manajemen Strategis
Mokhamad Surianto, Prof. Dr. Agus Heruanto Hadna, S.IP., M.Si; Dr. Puguh Prasetya Utomo, S.I.P., M.P.A
2025 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Administrasi Negara
This dissertation aims to comprehensively analyze the key determinants of a High-Performance Organization (HPO) in the public sector through an examination of the synergistic configurations and causal relationships among major factors—leadership, organizational culture, and strategic management encompassing strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. The case study focuses on the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) through the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program (Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap or PTSL), which successfully registered 33 million land parcels within five years, compared to only 46 million parcels registered over the previous fifty-six years. This case represents an ideal context for HPO analysis and simultaneously addresses a significant gap in the literature, which has predominantly focused on corporate sectors in developed countries.
Employing a post-positivist paradigm and a Multiphase Mixed Methods design, this research integrates Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), qualitative exploration, and quantitative validation through Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The study involved 50 land offices and 300 participants in the QCA phase, followed by in-depth interviews to deepen the qualitative insights, and 1,000 respondents proportionally selected based on Indonesia’s geographical and demographic distribution to support the dissertation’s objectives. Members of the PTSL adjudication committee served as the primary data source, while community members and village officials were additional sources enriching the qualitative exploration.
The QCA findings reveal ten major configurations sufficient to achieve HPO—five leading to success and five explaining failure. These findings demonstrate that HPO results from complex interactions among conditions rather than the influence of a single factor. Organizational culture and strategic planning emerged as consistently significant conditions, although their sufficiency depends on specific combinations with other factors. Meanwhile, leadership, implementation, and evaluation were found to be contingent and context-dependent. Moreover, the study confirms the presence of asymmetrical causality, indicating that the conditions sufficient for achieving HPO differ from those causing failure, and equifinality, meaning multiple combinations of conditions can lead to similar outcomes. The quantitative phase reinforces the configurational results, as all hypotheses were supported, highlighting the sequential mediating role of leadership through organizational culture and strategic management in influencing HPO. Multigroup Analysis further indicates geodemographic variations in the determinants’ effects, except for organizational culture, which consistently exerts a positive influence across all groups. Integrating all phases, the study proposes the Configurational–Contingency–Sequential HPO Model, asserting that high performance can only be realized when leadership values, strategies, and actions align synergistically within the appropriate contextual and sequential order.
Finally, this dissertation acknowledges its research limitations, opening avenues for future studies, while offering important recommendations for managerial practice, academic development, and societal contribution.
Kata Kunci : High Performance Organization, HPO, Kepemimpinan, Budaya Organisasi, Manajemen Strategi, Pendaftaran Tanah, QCA, SEM-PLS