Pengaruh aksesibilitas dan status sosial ekonomi terhadap kelangsungan pendidikan SD-SLTP di Kecamatan Ngargoyoso Kabupaten Karanganyar

Daryono, Drs. Su Ritohardoyo, M.A.

2002 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

INTISARI Wajib Belajar 9 'Fahun memerlukan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan yang memadai. Salah satu di antaranya adalah tersedianya gedung SLTP yang mudah diakses oleh siswa. Belum adanya pedoman dan koordinasi di tingkat kabupaten serta keterbatasan dana pembangunan gedung dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penernpatan lokasi gedung SLTP tidak tepat. Akibatnya terjadi variasi aksesibilitas tempat tinggal siswa terhadap gedung SLTP. Masalah tersebut mendasari penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji pola persebaran gedung SLTP dan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan pendidkan SD-SLTP. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Ngargoyoso Kabupaten Karanganyar dengan menggunakan metode survai. Populasi sasaran adalah seluruh rumahtangga (RT) yang mernilki anak yang pada tahun pembelajaran 1988/1999 lulus SD sebartyak 512 RT. Responden penelitian adalah kepala keluarga. Pengambilan sampel wilayah secara. strahfied random sampling berdasar jarak desa dengan gedung SLTP. Sampel desa dekat dengan SLTP adalah Dukuh, Nglegok sebagai desa sedang, dan desa jauh adalah Berjo. Populasi sasaran yang terdapat di Dukuh sebanyak 43 KK, Nglegok 50 KK, dan Berjo 79 KK. Sampel responden ditentukan secara acak sistematik sebanyak 50 persen dari setiap desa yang secara keseluruhan jumlahnya sebanyak 87 KK. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan teknik wawancara dan data sekunder dengan dokumentasi Analisis data menggunakan statistik regresi logistk dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. 1) Sebagian besar gedung SLTP di Kabupaten Karanganyar memiliki pola persebaran sangat mengelompok. Akbatnya terjadi kesenjangan di antara tempat tinggal siswa untuk menjangkau gedung SLTP. 2) Kelangsungan pendidikan SD-SLTP di Kecamatan Ngargoyoso bervariasi, Desa Dukuh angka tertinggi dan yang terendah Beijo. 3) Variabel dari indikator tingkat aksesibilitas yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan pendidikan SD-SLTP adalah jarak fisik antara tempat tinggal siswa dengan gedung sekolah. semakin jauh tempat tinggai siswa dari gedung SLTP probabilitas untuk melanjutkan semakin rendah. Sedangkan variabel dari indikator status sosiaI ekonomi yang paling berpengaruh adalah persepsi orang tua terhadap pendidikan. Semakin tinggi tingkat persepsi orang tua terhadap pendidikan semakin tinggi probabilitas anak untuk melanjutkan.

ABSTRACT The nine years education compulsory had required the adequate of means and infrastructure. The one among that is the Junior High School building available which accessible for student There was no guidelines yet and coordination in regency level and limitation in building development fund, may caused the occurence of the Junior High School building placement which not appropriate. It was caused the occurrence of various student residence accessibility against Junior High School building. That problems had based this research with purpose to recitate the pattern of Junior High School building distribution and valiable that most affected against education continuing on Elementary School (SD) - Junior High School (SLTP). This research was did in Ngargoyoso district, Karanganyar regency, had used survey method. Population target is all household (RT) which had a children that at the 1998/1999 school year had graduated from elementary school, that is amount to 512 house hold. The research responden is the family head (house hold head). The removal ofregion sampling is by stratified random sampling, based on distance of village to Junior High School building. The village sample which near to Junior High School building site is Dukuh, Nglegok as a "medium village", and as a"far village" is Berjo. Target population which are in Dukuh was 43 households (KK), Nglegok was 50 households (KK), and Berio was 79 households (KK). The responden sample was determined by systematic random as much as 50% from every village, which all of that had accounted to 87 households (KK). Primer data collecting was used an interview technique and secondary data was used documentation. Data analisis was uscd regession statistic and descriptive. The result of this research is as follows; 1) Majority of Junior High School building in Karanganyar regency had been distribution pattern is very in groups. As a consequence, there was occurred an imbalance among student residence for access to Junior High School building; 2) Education continuing of elementaty school - high school in Ngargoyoso districts are variously, Dukuh village had a greater number and at a lower is Berjo. 3) The variable of accessibility degree indicator which most affected against elementary school - Junior High School education continuing is physical distance between student residence with sehool building location, more far the student residence from Junior High School building, more lower the probability to education continuing. While the variable from economic and social status indicator which most influence is the parent perception about education. The more high of perception degree about education, the probability of children to continuing their study is more high.

Kata Kunci : Pengaruh Aksesibilitas, Status Sosial, Pendidikan SD-SLTP, Kabupaten Karanganyar