Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan fisikal kawasan koridor antara kota Purwokerto-Sokaraja

Sutomo, Prof. Drs. H.R. Bintarto

2001 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

INTISARI Perkembangan Kota Purwokerto dan Sokaraja menimbulkan gejala pe-rembetan fisikal kota di kawasan koridor yang berwujud perubahan luas pena¬gunaan lahan pertanian menjadi non pertanian, kehadiran berbagai fungsi perkota-- an, permukiman bant dan perubahan fisik bangunan rumah tinggal penduduk. Suatu pertanyaan, mengapa intensitas perkembangan fisikal ketiga mintakat di sepaniang kawasan koridor berbeda ? Tujuan penalittan ini adalah : 1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor intenal (kondisi fisik, kondisi sosial-ekonotni dan persepsi penduduk setem¬pat tentang nilai lahan) terhadap perkembangan fisikal kawasan koridor. 2) untuk mengetahui pengnruh faktor eksternal (kebijakan pernekoran kota dan pandangan pendatang tentang kondisi lingkungan koridor) terhadap perkembangan fisikal kawasan koridor antara Kota Purwokerto-Sokaraja. 3) untuk mengetahui pola dan intensitas perkembangan fiaikal kawasan koridor antara Kota Purwokerto¬Sokaraja. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kawasan koridor yakni meliputi areal di kanan¬kiri sepanjang jalan raya antara Kota Punvokerto-Sokaraja, Keeamatan Sokaraja„ Kabupaten Banyumas. Kawasan ini dibagi menjadi tiga mintakat berdasarkan pada perbedaan kenarnpakan fisik budayawinya. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 kepala keluarga (KK) untuk mintakat 1, sebanyak 56 KK untuk mintakat 2 dan sebanyak 42 KK untuk mintakat 3 dengan menggunakan metode non random sampling. Uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi Iinear sederhana, korelasi product moment dan tabel silang. Hasil penelifian (I) Faktor oksternal yakni kebijakan pemekaran kota Purwokerto dan Sokaraja, kehadiran dan pandangan pendatang tentang kondisi lingkungan kawasan koridor menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan luas perubah¬an lahan pertanian menjadi non pertanian dan jumlah permukiman barn di k-awasan koridor. (2) Faktor internal (a) fingkat pendapatan keluaxga berkorelasi positif dengan kondisi fisik bangunan pokok rumah tinggal, (b) persepsi kepala keluarga tentang nilai lahaa pertanian berkorelasi negatif dengan hms perubahan lahan pertanian menjadi non pertanian, (c) aksesibilitas berkorelasi positif dengan Inas perubahan lahan pertanian menjadi non pertanian dan luas liputan bangunan pada masing-masing mintakat. (3) Pola perkembangan ke¬ruangan bangunan nort permuldman pada eenderung linier di topi jalan raya dan intensitas tertinggi pada mintakat 3. Pola perkembangan bangunan permukiman eenderung mengelompok di betakang kawasan non permukiman dan intensitas tertinggi pada mintakat 1. Kata Kunci: kawasan koridor, mintakat dan aksesibilitas

ABSTRACT The urban development of Purwokerto and Sokaraja was create a physical urban sprawl fenomena on corridor arew covers the size of change from agricultural land to non-agrcultural land, the presence of urban functions, new residential localities and change in physical conditions of the conununity's houses. A question, why the intensity of the physical development of three zones a long the cortidor area are distinctive ? The aims of this research are: 1) to find out about the effects of internal factors (the condition of the natural physic ofenvironment, accesibility, social and economics condition and the community's perception of land value) on physical development of corridor area between Purwokerto-Sokaraja. 2) to find out about the effects of external factors (the policy of urban development and the non¬native residents' view on the environmental condition of the corridor area) on the physical development of corridor area between Purwokerto and Sokaraja.. 3) to find out about the pattena and intensit• ofspatial developinent of the corridor area. The reseach was conducted in the corridor area, which covers the strip of land on both side of the roacIR between Purwokerto and Sokaraja„Banyumas Regency. The area was divided into three zones on the basis of their distinction of physical appearance. The consisted of 33 heads of household (KK) for zone I, 56 for zone 2 and 42 for zone 3, taken by non-random sampling (ptaporsice sampling). Hypothesis testing was carried out by using a simple lirtear regression analysis, product moment correlation and cross tabulation. Research results : (I) With regard to the external factors, the policy of urban development of Purwokerto and Sokaraja, the presence of non-native re-sidents and their views on the condition of the corridor area show a positive correlation with the size of the change fi-om agricultural land to non-agricultural land and the number of new residential in the corridor area. 2) With regard to the internal factors, (a) the income levels of families positively correlate with the physical conditions of the main building of thed houses, (b) the Ithusehold heads' percaptions of the value of agicultural land negatively correlate with the size of ehange from agricultural land to non-agricultural land, (c) accessibility positively correlates with the size of change from wicultural land to non-agricultural land, and the size of buildings coverage at each zone. (3) The spatial development pattern of non-residential buildinus tend to be linear a long the road and the highest intencity of them at zone 3. The spatial development of residential buildings tend to be cluster back of the non-residential buildings and the highest of them at zone 1. Key words : corridor area, zone, accesibility.

Kata Kunci : kawasan koridor, mintakat dan aksesibilitas