Pengaruh Penyuluhan Asuhan Gizi Lansia kepada Penjamah Makanan terhadap Asupan Makanan Lansia di Panti Wreda di Yogyakarta

Esmeralda Cantika Rachma, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM., M.Kes.; Dr. Siti Helmyati, DCN., M.Kes.

2025 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Populasi lansia di Kota Yogyakarta meningkat tiap tahun, disertai risiko malnutrisi akibat penurunan nafsu makan. Banyak sisa makanan lansia di panti wreda menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan pengetahuan penjamah makanan dan pengurus panti tentang asuhan gizi lansia.

Mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan asuhan gizi lansia kepada penjamah makanan serta pengurus panti dengan metode ceramah terhadap asupan makanan lansia di panti wreda.

Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pre-post test without control untuk 9 penjamah makanan dan pengurus panti, serta repeated measures untuk 65 lansia, dipilih secara purposive. Pengetahuan diukur dengan kuesioner dan dilihat melalui perbaikan menu makanan lansia, asupan makanan lansia dengan metode comstock, dan data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Perbaikan menu tiap aspek diuji menggunakan Uji McNemar Asimtotik.

Sebanyak 8 orang (88,9%) penjamah makanan dan pengurus panti memiliki pengetahuan baik. Ada penurunan pengetahuan yang tidak signifikan antara posttest dibanding pretest (p = 0,465). Terdapat perbaikan menu setelah intervensi. Asupan makanan lansia selama intervensi terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan (p < 0>

Adanya penurunan pengetahuan penjamah makanan dan pengurus panti dilihat dari nilai posttest dibanding pretest. Terdapat perbaikan menu makanan lansia setelah intervensi penyuluhan gizi pada penjamah makanan dan pengurus panti. Adanya peningkatan asupan makanan lansia yang signifikan.

The elderly population in Yogyakarta City increases every year, accompanied by a higher risk of malnutrition due to decreased appetite. The large amount of leftover food among elderly residents in nursing homes indicates the need to improve the knowledge of food handlers and nursing home staff regarding elderly nutrition care.

To determine the effect of elderly nutrition care education using lecture methods on the knowledge of food handlers and nursing home staff, and on the elderly’s food intake in nursing homes.

This quantitative study employed a pre-post test without control design for 9 food handlers and staff, and a repeated measures design for 65 elderly participants, selected through purposive sampling. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire and by observing improvements in the elderly’s menu. Food intake was measured using the Comstock method, and data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Each aspect of the menu improvement was analyzed using the Asymptotic McNemar Test.

A total of 8 participants (88.9%) had good knowledge. However, there was a non-significant decrease in knowledge scores after the intervention (p = 0.465). There was an improvement in the menu after the intervention. In contrast, there was a significant improvement in elderly food intake (p < 0>

Nutrition education for food handlers and nursing home staff did not significantly improve knowledge but did lead to improved menus and significantly increased elderly food intake.

Kata Kunci : lansia, panti wreda, asupan makanan, pengetahuan, penjamah makanan, elderly, nursing home, food intake, knowledge, food handlers