Mendedah Kemitraan Kebun Raya Ibu Kota Nusantara

Widya Ayu Pratiwi, Prof. Dr. Ir. San Afri Awang, M.Sc.; Dr. R. Hendrian, M.Sc.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Badan Otorita IKN merencanakan pembangunan Kebun Raya IKN sebagai bagian dari strategi konservasi keanekaragaman hayati dan transformasi hijau nasional. Mengingat tingginya kebutuhan sumber daya, pengelolaan dirancang dalam bentuk kemitraan multipihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pengembangan kemitraan, mengidentifikasi aktor potensial, menganalisis kesiapan kelembagaan, serta merumuskan strategi kemitraan yang tepat dan kontekstual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran, meliputi analisis tematik dan collaborative governance (kualitatif), serta analisis stakeholder dan SWOT (kuantitatif). Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner.

Hasil analisis tematik menunjukkan lima faktor kunci: kejelasan regulasi dan struktur kelembagaan, kesiapan aktor kolaboratif, ketersediaan sumber daya, mekanisme perencanaan partisipatif, dan dukungan sosial-politik. Analisis stakeholder mengidentifikasi aktor potensial seperti Badan Otorita IKN, BRIN, Konsorsium Swasta, UPT kebun Raya Daerah, BGCI, dan masyarakat beserta potensi peran dan batasannya dalam lima fungsi kebun raya. Collaborative governance analysis mengungkap lemahnya koordinasi awal, belum terbentuknya forum deliberatif, dan belum optimalnya desain fasilitatif.

Analisis SWOT menghasilkan alternatif strategi mencakup pembentukan unit teknis, penyusunan dokumen pengelolaan koleksi tumbuhan, rambu kemitraan (partnership guardrails), dan peningkatan kapasitas SDM. Seluruh strategi diarahkan untuk menyelaraskan kelima fungsi kebun raya secara proporsional dengan konservasi sebagai inti pengelolaan. Model ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan nasional untuk pengelolaan kebun raya berbasis kolaborasi yang berkelanjutan.

The Government of Indonesia, through the Nusantara Capital Authority (OIKN), has initiated the development of the IKN Botanical Garden as part of a national strategy for biodiversity conservation and green transformation. Given the substantial resource requirements, its management is being designed through a multi-stakeholder partnership, including private sectors. This study aims to identify the key factors influencing partnership development, map potential actors, assess institutional readiness, and formulate appropriate and context-specific partnership strategies. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, comprising thematic analysis and collaborative governance (qualitative), along with stakeholder analysis and SWOT (quantitative). Data were collected through in-depth interviews and structured questionnaires.

Thematic analysis revealed five key factors: regulatory and institutional clarity, readiness of collaborative actors, availability of resources, participatory planning mechanisms, and socio-political support. Stakeholder analysis identified six key actors—OIKN, BRIN, private consortiums, regional botanical garden units, BGCI, and local communities—along with their potential roles and necessary role limitations across the five functions of a botanical garden. The collaborative governance analysis highlighted limited initial coordination, the absence of a deliberative forum, and weaknesses in institutional design.

SWOT analysis generated strategic recommendations, including the establishment of a technical management unit, development of a plant collection management plan, formulation of partnership guardrails, and capacity building for botanical human resources. These strategies aim to ensure balanced implementation of the garden’s five functions, while maintaining conservation as its core mandate. The proposed model is expected to serve as a national reference for sustainable, collaboration-based botanical garden governance.

Kata Kunci : Botanical garden; multi-stakeholder partnership; ex situ conservation; collaborative governance; Nusantara Capital City