HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3 DENGAN GEJALA DEPRESI PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2: STUDI CROSS-SECTIONAL PADA PESERTA PROLANIS PUSKESMAS DEPOK SLEMAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
NAURAH SYIFA ALUDRA, Dian Caturini Sulistyoningrum, BSc., MSc., PhD ; Dr. dr. Probosuseno, Sp.PD., K-Ger., S.E., M.M., AIFO-K ; Aviria Ermamilia, S.Gz., M.Gz., RD
2025 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN
Latar Belakang: Depresi merupakan komorbiditas umum pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup dan meningkatkan hambatan klinis. Asam lemak omega-3 diketahui mempengaruhi gejala depresi melalui mekanisme anti-inflamasi dan neuroprotektif. Namun, bukti hubungan ini masih rancu pada berbagai metode penelitian dan populasi subjek.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan omega-3 dengan gejala depresi pada penderita DMT2
Metode: Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada 83 peserta Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) DMT2 di Puskesmas Depok I, II, dan III. Data asupan omega-3 diukur menggunakan Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire(SQ-FFQ). Gejala depresi diukur menggunakan Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Analisis hubungan asupan omega-3 dengan gejala depresi dilakukan menggunakan analisis korelasi rank Spearman (p<0>
Hasil: Signifikansi hubungan antara asupan omega-3 dengan gejala depresi pada penderita DMT2 bernilai p=0,724. Rata-rata asupan omega-3 responden sebesar 398,12±22,15 mg/hari. Sebanyak 20,5% responden memiliki tingkat gejala depesi ringan, 1,2% responden memiliki tingkat gejala depresi sedang sampai berat, 78,3% responden berada pada kategori normal. Hasil uji korelasi variabel perancu terhadap variabel gejala depresi bernilai p>0,05.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa asupan omega-3 tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan gejala depresi pada penderita DMT2 Prolanis Puskesmas Depok, Sleman. Rata-rata omega-3 responden berada di bawah AKG omega-3. Studi lebih lanjut dengan variabilitas subjek yang lebih tinggi dan mempertimbangkan rasio EPA:DHA diperlukan untuk memverifikasi hubungan antara asupan omega-3 dengan gejala depresi pada penderita DMT2.
Background: Depression is a common comorbidity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that often lowers quality of life and exacerbates clinical challenges. Omega-3 fatty acids are known for their potential impact on depressive symptoms through anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective mechanisms. However, evidence of this link remains inconsistent across research methods and populations.
Objective: To assess the relationship between omega-3 intake and depressive symptoms in individuals with T2DM.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 83 Prolanis T2DM participants from three Depok Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Sleman. Omega-3 intake data were collected using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Indonesian version of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The correlation between omega-3 intake and depressive symptoms was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation (p<0>
Result: Significancy level of the association between omega-3 intake and depressive symptoms in T2DM patients was 0,724. The mean omega-3 intake among respondents was 398,12±22.15 mg/day. 20,5% of respondents had mild depressive symptoms, 1,2% had moderate to severe depressive symptoms, and 78,3% of respondents fell within the normal category. Correlation between confounding variables with depressive symptoms were greater than 0,05 (p>0,05).
Conclusion: This study shows that omega-3 intake is not significantly correlated with depressive symptoms in individuals with T2DM enrolled in the Prolanis at Puskesmas in Depok, Sleman. The average omega-3 intake was below the Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Further research with greater sample variability and careful consideration of the EPA:DHA ratio is necessary to further investigate this association within T2DM populations.
Kata Kunci : asupan omega-3; diabetes melitus tipe 2; gejala depresi
