ANALISIS LEAN MANAGEMENT PADA PASIEN BPJS DI INSTALASI FARMASI RAWAT JALAN RSUD BANGIL

Tita Cholifah Rahayu, Kuncoro Harto Widodo, Prof. Dr., M.Eng.,

2024 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aliran proses pelayanan, menganalisis faktor penyebab waste dalam pelayanan, dan memberikan usulan perbaikan untuk pelayanan pasien BPJS di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan (IFRJ) RSUD Bangil melalui penerapan lean management. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan desain penelitian berupa studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen sejak bulan Februari 2024 hingga bulan April 2024.
    Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pelayanan obat di IFRJ terdiri dari tiga proses utama, yaitu proses skrining, proses penyiapan obat, dan proses penyerahan obat, dengan masing-masing proses secara berurutan terdiri dari 8, 13, dan 7 aktivitas. Berdasarkan Current State Value Stream Mapping (VSM), diketahui bahwa Lead Time (LT) mencapai 2.398 detik (= 39 menit 58 detik = 100%), dengan rincian Value-Added-Time (VAT) sebesar 425 detik (= 7 menit 5 detik = 17,7% terhadap total LT), Necessary Non-Value-Added-Time (NNVAT) sebesar 202 detik (= 3 menit 22 detik = 8,4% terhadap total LT), dan Non-Value-Added-Time (NVAT) sebesar 1.771 detik (= 29 menit 31 detik = 73,9% terhadap total LT). Waste yang teridentifikasi meliputi waiting (89,2%), overprocessing (6,1%), excess motion (2,8%), dan defect (1,9%), dengan empat kategori faktor penyebabnya adalah Man, Method, serta Machine and Material. Future State VSM setelah analisis menunjukkan peningkatan efisiensi dengan VAT sebesar 449 detik (= 7 menit 29 detik = 40,8% terhadap total LT ), NNVAT 83 detik (= 1 menit 23 detik = 7,6% terhadap total LT), dan NVAT 568 detik (= 9 menit 28 detik =51,6% terhadap total LT ), dengan LT menjadi 1.100 detik. Berdasarkan Future State VSM tersebut, diberikan usulan perbaikan meliputi perbaikan tata letak, penerapan 5S, integrasi teknologi SIMRS, pengurangan aktivitas tidak bernilai tambah, serta pengaturan shift dan penertiban jam kerja.

    This study aims to identify the service process flow, analyze the causes of waste, and provide improvement recommendation for BPJS patient services at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Bangil through the application of lean management. The research method used is qualitative, with a case study design. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and document from February 2024 to April 2024.
    The research findings show that the medication service process at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation consists of three main processes: screening, medication preparation, and medication delivery. Each of these processes consists of 8, 13, and 7 activities, respectively. Based on the Current State Value Stream Mapping (VSM), the Lead Time (LT) is 2,398 seconds (39 minutes 58 seconds, 100%), with total Value-Added Time (VAT) is 425 seconds (7 minutes 5 seconds, 17.7% of LT), Necessary Non-Value-Added Time (NNVAT) is 202 seconds (3 minutes 22 seconds, 8.4% of LT), and Non-Value-Added Time (NVAT) is 1,771 seconds (29 minutes 31 seconds, 73.9% of LT). The identified wastes include waiting (89.2%), overprocessing (6.1%), excess motion (2.8%), and defects (1.9%). The four categories of root causes are Man, Method, Machine, and Material. The Future State VSM analysis shows an improvement in efficiency with VAT of 449 seconds (7 minutes 29 seconds, 40.8% of LT), NNVAT of 83 seconds (1 minute 23 seconds, 7.6% of LT), and NVAT of 568 seconds (9 minutes 28 seconds, 51.6% of LT), resulting in a total LT of 1,100 seconds. Based on the Future State VSM, the proposed improvements include reorganization of layout, implementation of 5S, integration of SIMRS technology, reduction of non-value-added activities, setting shifts and controlling working hours.

Kata Kunci : Lean Management, Waste, Value Stream Mapping