Pengaruh Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Bunga Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) terhadap Gambaran Makroskopis dan Histopatologis Kesembuhan Luka Eksisi pada Kulit Mencit

Nuralifa Satyabrata, drh. Sitarina Widyarini, M.P., Ph.D.; Dr. drh. Yos Adi Prakoso, M.Sc.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Kesembuhan luka merupakan proses kompleks tubuh untuk memperbaiki jaringan yang rusak. Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) memiliki kandungan flavonoid kuersetin yang bersifat antioksidan, antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian krim ekstrak bunga kecombrang (EBK) pada kulit dilihat dari persentase area penutupan luka eksisi, rata-rata jumlah sel radang, persentase area kepadatan kolagen dan persentase area imunoreaktif interleukin-6. Penelitian menggunakan hewan coba mencit betina galur Balb/c berumur 2-3 bulan dengan berat 20-30 gram sebanyak 24 ekor yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan yakni K1 (kontrol negatif), K2 (krim EBK 2,5%), K3 (krim EBK 5%) dan K4 (krim EBK 10%). Terapi menggunakan krim EBK dilakukan selama 9 hari kemudian dilakukan eutanasia dengan metode dislokasi os cervical dan pengambilan sampel kulit luka pada hari ke-3, 6 dan 9. Data gambaran makroskopis dan mikroskopis yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini selanjutnya dianalisis secara statistika menggunakan software SPSS dengan ?=0,05. Analisis data menggunakan uji oneway ANOVA atau uji Kruskall-Wallis dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji fitokimia ekstrak bunga kecombrang mengandung senyawa kuersetin 42,20; tanin 12,52; saponin 7,05; fenol 5,45 dan alkaloid 5,25 mg/kg. Rata-rata persentase penutupan luka tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05) antara K1, K2, K3 dan K4 dengan nilai 90,63; 90,53; 90,00; 79,55%. Rata-rata jumlah sel radang antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05) pada hari ke 3, 6 maupun 9 perlakuan. Rata-rata persentase kepadatan kolagen pada hari ke 3 dan ke 6 tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara keempat kelompok (p>0,05), namun pada hari ke 9 perlakuan terlihat adanya peningkatan rata-rata persentase kepadatan kolagen yang signifikan (p<0>

Wound healing is a complex process of the body to repair damaged tissue. Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) contains flavonoid kuersetin which is an antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. The purpose of this study was the effect of administering torch ginger flower extract cream (EBK) on the skin seen from the percentage of wound healing area, the average number of inflammatory cells, the percentage of collagen density area and the percentage of interleukin-6 immunoreactive area. The study used 24 mice as experimental animals which were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, namely K1 (negative control), K2 (EBK 2.5%), K3 (EBK 5%) and K4 (EBK 10%). Therapy using EBK cream was carried out for 9 days, then euthanization was carried out using the cervical dislocation method and wound skin samples were taken on days 3, 6 and 9. The macroscopic and microscopic image data obtained in this study were then completed statistically using SPSS software with ? = 0.05. Data analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskall-Wallis test with a 95% confidence level. The results of the phytochemical test of torch ginger flower extract contained 42.20 kuersetin compounds; 12.52 tannins; 7.05 saponins; 5.45 fenols and 5.25 mg/kg alkaloids. The average percentage of wound healing did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between K1, K2, K3 and K4 with values of 90.63; 90.53; 90.00; 79.55%. The average number of inflammatory cells between the negative control group and the treatment group did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) on days 3, 6 or 9 of treatment. The average percentage of collagen density on days 3 and 6 did not differ significantly between the four groups (p>0.05), but on day 9 of treatment there was a significant increase in the average collagen density (p<0.05) in K1 compared to K3 and K4. The percentage of interleukin-6 immunoreactive area on day 9 showed that K2 had a low percentage of immunoreactive area, namely 19.46±3.8%, followed by K1 30.38±11.8%, K3 40.36±2.7% and K4 45.07±3.5%. On day 9 of treatment there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between K1 and K3; and K2 with K3 and K4. To conclude, the torch ginger flower extract 2,5% cream has the potential as an alternative therapy for wound healing as seen from its ability to enhance the percentage of wound healing, reduce the average number of inflammatory cells, increase collagen density and reduce interleukin-6 expression.

Kata Kunci : kesembuhan luka, kulit, bunga kecombrang, histopatologi, interleukin-6