Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Kemampuan Family Caregiver Dalam Merawat Pasien Stroke di Rumah (Mixed-Method)

Ayu Fitri Lestari, Dr.Heny Suseani Pangastuti, S.Kp.,M.Kes ; Prof.Dr. Christantie Effendy,S.Kp.,M.Kes

2024 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan

ABSTRAK
Pendahuuan. Stroke adalah penyakit cerebrovaskuler yang menyebabkan kematian karena matinya sel otak akibat menurunnya oksigen pada pembuluh darah otak. Family caregiver memainkan peran penting dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang menderita stroke setelah pulang dari rumah sakit. Peran ini tidak luput dari masalah yang berdampak pada kemampuan family caregiver dalam merawat pasien stroke di rumah. Kurang baiknya perawatan membuat pasien merasa hidupnya tidak berharga dan merasa putus asa. Tujuan. penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemampuan family caregiver merawat pasien stroke di rumah.
Metode. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed method sequential explanatory. Populasi pada penelitian yaitu family caregiver yang merawat pasien stroke di rumah di Kabupaten Karawang. Sampel yang digunakkan yang bersedia mengisi kuesioner serta memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Jumlah sampel adalah 106 responden dan 10 partisipan. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 16 April-31 Mei 2024. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan regresi linier berganda metode backward, dilanjutkan proses analisa kualitatif dengan tahapan analisis menurut Miles and Huberman.
Hasil.Terdapat 11 faktor yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan family caregiver dalam merawat pasien stroke di rumah yaitu usia family caregiver, jenis kelamin family caregiver, lama merawat, status perkawinan family caregiver, penghasilan family caregiver, tingkat pendidikan family caregiver, hubungan dengan pasien, discharge planning, tingkat pengetahuan family caregiver, tingkat beban family caregiver.
Kesimpulan. Terdapat variabel yang memiliki pengaruh yang paling dominan memengaruhi kemampuan family caregiver dalam merawat pasien stroke di rumah yaitu tingkat pendidikan family caregiver.

ABSTRACT
Introduction. Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that causes death due to brain cell death due to decreased oxygen in the blood vessels of the brain. Family caregivers play an important role in caring for family members who have suffered a stroke after returning home from the hospital. This role is not free from problems that impact the ability of family caregivers to care for stroke patients at home. Poor care makes patients feel that their lives are worthless and feel hopeless. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the ability of family caregivers to care for stroke patients at home.
Method. This type of research is a mixed method sequential explanatory study. The population in the study was family caregivers who care for stroke patients at home in Karawang Regency. The samples used were those who were willing to fill out the questionnaire and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of samples was 106 respondents and 10 participants. Data collection was carried out on April 16-May 31, 2024. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate and multivariate with multiple linear regression using the backward method, followed by a qualitative analysis process with the analysis stages according to Miles and Huberman.
Results. There are 11 factors that have an influence on the ability of family caregivers to care for stroke patients at home, namely the age of the family caregiver, the gender of the family caregiver, the length of care, the marital status of the family caregiver, the income of the family caregiver, the education level of the family caregiver, the relationship with the patient, discharge planning, the knowledge level of the family caregiver, the level of burden of the family caregiver.
Conclusion. There are variables that have the most dominant influence on the ability of family caregivers to care for stroke patients at home, namely the education level of the family caregiver.

Kata Kunci : Stroke, Kemampuan Merawat, Family Caregiver, Rumah