Pengaruh Akupresur Terhadap Kecemasan Pada Remaja

Haslindar Hatta, Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp., M.Kes., Sri Hartini, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes., Ph.D

2024 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan

Latar Belakang: Masa remaja sebagai periode krusial ditandai perubahan fisik, emosional, sosial yang sering memicu kecemasan. Terdapat 61?ri 115 remaja berusia 15-18 tahun mengalami kecemasan. Bimbingan konseling tersedia di sekolah, namun masih kurang dimanfaatkan siswa akibat adanya stigma sosial kesehatan mental. Kecemasan sering disertai gejala somatik seperti kelelahan dan ketegangan otot yang tidak sepenuhnya teratasi hanya dengan intervensi psikologis. Akupresur sebagai metode relaksasi non-farmakologis bersifat non-invasif, bebas efek samping, ekonomis, mudah dilakukan mandiri maupun dengan bantuan ahli.

Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh akupresur terhadap kecemasan remaja.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan quasi experimental non-equivalent with control group design melibatkan sampel remaja berusia 16-18 tahun yang mengalami kecemasan. Kelompok intervensi dan kontrol masing-masing 33 remaja. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan bulan juni 2024 di SMAN 3 Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Akupresur dilakukan oleh akupresuris 1x/hari selama dua hari berturut-turut. Responden diajarkan, diberi modul untuk melakukan akupresur mandiri di rumah 1x sebelum tidur malam. Titik yang digunakan GV20, GB20, HT7, PC6 durasi selama 5 menit atau 30-40 kali hitungan dengan teknik tekan-lepas-tekan-lepas. Analisa data menggunakan Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Spearman dan regresi linear.

Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan skor pretest-posttest kecemasan kelompok intervensi (p=0,000). Terdapat perbedaan selisih skor pretest-posttest kecemasan antara kelompok intervensi dengan kontrol (p=0,000). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara jenis kelamin (p=1,000), indeks massa tubuh (p=0,081), riwayat kesehatan keluarga (p=0,562) dengan kecemasan remaja. Akupresur faktor yang paling dominan memengaruhi kecemasan remaja (p=0,000).

Kesimpulan: Akupresur efektif dan dapat digunakan dalam menurunkan kecemasan remaja usia 16-18 tahun.

Kata kunci: Akupresur, kecemasan, remaja.

Background: Adolescence involves significant physical, emotional, and social changes, often leading to anxiety. Among 115 adolescents aged 15-18 years, 61% experienced anxiety. School counseling is underutilized due to the stigma of mental health. Anxiety is often accompanied by somatic symptoms like fatigue and muscle tension, which psychological interventions alone may not fully resolve. Acupressure, a non-pharmacological relaxation method, is non-invasive, free of side effects, economical, and easy to perform independently or with expert assistance.

Objective: To analyze the effect of acupressure on adolescent anxiety.

Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental non-equivalent with a control group design involving a sample of adolescents aged 16-18 years who experience anxiety. Sampling was consecutive. Conducted in June 2024 at SMAN 3 Yogyakarta, data were collected using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. An acupressurist performed acupressure once daily for two straight days. Respondents were also taught to perform acupressure independently at home before bed. The points used were GV20, GB20, HT7, and PC6 for 5 minutes or 30-40 counts using the press-release technique. Data analysis included Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Spearman, and linear regression tests.

Results: There were significant differences in pretest-posttest anxiety scores in the intervention group (p=0.000) and between the intervention and control groups (p=0.000). No significant relationship was found between gender (p=1.000), body mass index (p=0.081), or family health history (p=0.562) and anxiety. Acupressure was the most dominant factor affecting anxiety (p=0.000).

Conclusion: Acupressure is effective and can be used in reducing anxiety in adolescents aged 16-18 years.

Keywords: Acupressure, anxiety, adolescents

Kata Kunci : Acupressure, anxiety, adolescents