ANALISIS PENGARUH ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL, GOVERNANCE (ESG) TERHADAP PERFORMA BANK DI NEGARA ASEAN-6 PERIODE 2015-2022

FADHLAN RASYAD SIREGAR, Prof. Dr. Tandelilin Eduardus, M.B.A.

2024 | Skripsi | MANAJEMEN

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) secara keseluruhan ataupun komponen masing-masing terhadap indikator performa bank, yaitu Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Tobin’s Q. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan perusahaan bank di negara ASEAN-6 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, Filipina, dan Vietnam) dengan periode 2015-2022. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon dan laporan keuangan perusahaan. Pengujian dilakukan pada 35 bank dari enam negara ASEAN-6 selama 8 tahun. Terdapat beberapa variabel kontrol dalam penelitian ini, yaitu Loan-to-deposit Ratio (LDR), Market Capitalization (MC), Net Interest Margin (NIM), serta COVID-19 sebagai variabel dummy. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) secara keseluruhan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Tobin’s Q pada bank di negara ASEAN-6. Selain itu, komponen Social menjadi satu-satunya komponen ESG yang signifikan secara negatif dengan ketiga indikator performa bank tersebut.

This research aims to analyze the overall impact of Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) as well as its individual components on bank performance indicators, namely Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Tobin's Q. The sample consists of banking companies in the ASEAN-6 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam) over the period 2015-2022. The data used were obtained from Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon and the companies' financial reports. Testing was conducted on 35 banks from the six ASEAN-6 countries over 8 years. Several control variables are included in this study, namely Loan-to-deposit Ratio (LDR), Market Capitalization (MC), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and COVID-19 as a dummy variable. The results of this study found that Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) overall had a negative and significant impact on Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Tobin's Q of banks in ASEAN-6 countries. Additionally, the Social component is the only ESG component that is significantly negative with all three bank performance indicators.

Kata Kunci : ESG, Performa, Bank, Lingkungan, Sosial, Tata Kelola, Kinerja, ASEAN-6, Performance, Environment, Social, Governance