Pengaruh Modifikasi Brisk Walking Exercises Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Kelurahan Wates Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wates Kulon Progo Yogyakarta

Rinda Suciarti, Uki Noviana, S.Kep.,Ns.,M.N.Sc..Ph.D; Haryani, S.Kp.,M.Kes.,Ph.D

2024 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan

Latar Belakang : Kadar gula darah tidak terkontrol sering dialami oleh penderita DM tipe 2. Aktivitas fisik merupakan salah satu pilar penatalaksanaan DM untuk mengontrol  kadar gula darah. Beberapa penelitian menganjurkan brisk walking exercises (BWE) sebagai bentuk latihan fisik  untuk mengontrol kadar gula darah pada penderita DM tipe 2, BWE adalah latihan jalan cepat yang mudah dilakukan dapat dilakukan dimana saja dan kapan saja

Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh brisk walking exercises terhadap kadar gula darah sewaktu pada penderita DM tipe 2

Metode: Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Time Series with Control Group Design. Responden terdiri dari 60 penderita DM tipe 2 di kelurahan Wates Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wates Kulon Progo yang dipilih secara Consecutive Sampling. Intervensi BWE dilakukan 3 kali seminggu selama 2 minggu pada kelompok intervensi. Kadar gula darah diukur menggunakan glucometer. Analisis statistik menggunakan Friedman Test  untuk melihat perubahan GDS sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, Mann Whitney test untuk melihat perbedaan selisih penurunan GDS antar kelompok dan GEE untuk menguji hubungan variabel luar.

Hasil : Terdapat penurunan GDS yang signifikan pada kelompok intervensi, dari median T0 235 mg/dl ke T6 menjadi 201 mg/dl p <0>p 0,861.Terdapat perbedaan selisih  median penurunan GDS yang signifikan antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol, pada kelompok intervensi mengalami penurunan sebanyak 40 mg/ dl dan kelompok kontrol mengalami penurunan sebanyak 11 mg/dl dengan effect size sebesar 1,22 dan p value 0,001 dan hasil uji GEE variabel luar yang berhubungan dengan penurunan GDS adalah kepatuhan konsumsi obat dan aktivitas fisik.

Kesimpulan: Brisk walking exercises berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah penderita DM tipe 2

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Physical activity is one of the pilars of T2DM management for glycemic control. Several studies recommend brisk walking exercises (BWE) as an effective form of physical activity for blood glucose management in T2DM patients. BWE is a readily accessible exercise that can be performed with minimal constraints on location or time.

Objective:  The study aimed to evaluate the effect of modification brisk walking exercises on random blood glucose (RBG) levels in patients with T2DM.

Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a Time Series Control Group Design. The sample comprised 60 T2DM patients from Wates Village, within the catchment area of Wates Health Center in Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, selected through consecutive sampling. The intervention group participated in BWE three times weekly for two weeks. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Statistical analyses included the Friedman Test to assess changes in RBG before and after the intervention, the Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate differences in RBG reduction between groups, and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to examine the influence of external variables.

Results: The intervention group showed a significant reduction in median RBG from 235 mg/dl at baseline (T0) to 201 mg/dl at the final measurement (T6) (p < 0>p = 0.861). A significant difference in RBG reduction was observed between groups, with the intervention group demonstrating a decrease of 40 mg/dl compared to 11 mg/dl in the control group (effect size = 1.22, p = 0.001). GEE analysis revealed that medication adherence and physical activity were external variables significantly associated with RBG reduction.

Conclusion: Brisk walking exercises demonstrate a significant effect on reducing blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM.

Kata Kunci : Diabetes mellitus tipe 2; Brisk Walking Exercises; Kadar gula darah.