Analisis Faktor Kurangnya Minat ASN Pada Jabatan Fungsional Pengelola Pengadaan Barang/Jasa (Studi Kasus di Kalimantan Utara)

Suryanti Aswar Mure Pana, Ely Susanto, S.IP., MBA., Ph.D

2024 | Tesis | S2 Administrasi Publik

Fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa sebagai pelaksana wajib dalam proses pengadaan berperan melaksanakan proses pengadaan barang/jasa sesuai dengan tujuan dan prinsip pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah. Namun kenyataannya hingga saat ini beberapa Kementerian/Lembaga/Pemerintah Daerah belum siap melaksanakan aturan pengadaan barang/jasa pada pasal 88 huruf a dalam Perpres Nomor 16 tahun 2018 karena terbatasnya jumlah personil dengan alasan kurangnya minat ASN pada jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa. Terbatasnya jumlah personil menjadi tantangan bagi UKPBJ/Bagian Pengadaan di Kalimantan Utara untuk melakukan pemenuhan kebutuhan jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor prioritas yang seharusnya ditangani dalam memecahkan persoalan terkait sulitnya merekrut dan memotivasi ASN untuk berkarier dalam jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa di Kalimantan Utara.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kurangnya minat ASN pada jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa di Kalimantan Utara. Peneliti menggunakan teori motivasi dua faktor (Two-Factor Theory) yang dipaparkan oleh Herzberg et al. (1959) yaitu motivation factor (intrinsik) dan hygiene factor (ekstrinsik) serta persepsi risiko menurut paradigma risk perceived (Sjöberg et al., 2004) dan paradigma sosial budaya (Slovic & Weber, 2002). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus melalui pengumpulan data mendalam yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan dokumentasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivation factor (intrinsik) yang terdiri dari prestasi yang diraih, pengakuan, pekerjaan itu sendiri, tanggung jawab, peluang untuk maju dan pertumbuhan sedangkan hygiene factor (ekstrinsik) yaitu gaji/tunjangan, keamanan kerja, hubungan interpersonal, kondisi kerja, kebijakan organisasi dan administrasi, supervisi dan kehidupan pribadi menyebabkan kurangnya minat ASN pada jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa di Kalimantan Utara. Persepsi risiko ASN di Kalimantan Utara untuk bekerja di bidang pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah sebagai fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa dapat dilihat dari kriteria risk perceived dan paradigma sosial budaya. Kriteria risk perceived terdiri dari voluntariness of risk, immediacy of effect, knowledge of risk, control of risk, catastrophic potential, common dread dan severity of consequence. Persepsi risiko dari paradigma sosial budaya dipengaruhi oleh faktor training, regulatory dan organizational. Adapun faktor hasil temuan penelitian lainnya yang menyebabkan kurangnya minat ASN pada jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa di Kalimantan Utara adalah pengaruh politik dalam pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, rendahnya perlindungan hukum bagi pengelola fungsi pengadaan, tantangan psikologis, kepemimpinan dan budaya kerja.

The functional position of goods/services procurement manager as the mandatory implementer in the procurement process plays a role in carrying out procurement process in accordance with the objectives and principles procurement. However, the reality is that until now several Ministries/Institutions/Regional Governments are not ready to implement the rules for procurement of goods/services in article 88 letter a in Presidential Decree number 16 of 2018 due to the limited number of personnel due to lack of Civil Servants interest in the functional position of goods/services procurement manager. The limited number of personnel is a challenge for the UKPBJ/ Procurement Section in North Kalimantan to fulfill the needs for the functional position of goods/services procurement manager by analyzing priority factors that should be addressed in solving problems related to the difficulty of recruiting and motivating Civil Servants to pursue a career in the functional position of goods/services procurement manager.

This research aims to analyze the factors that cause Civil Servants lack of interest in the functional position of goods/services procurement manager in North Kalimantan. Researchers use the two-factor theory presented by Herzberg et al. (1959) which consists of motivation factors (intrinsic) and hygiene factors (extrinsic) as well as risk perception according to the risk perception paradigm (Sjöberg et al., 2004) and the socio-cultural paradigm (Slovic & Weber, 2002). The research method used is Qualitative with a case study approach, data was collected through interviews and documentation.

The result show that motivation factors (intrinsic) consist of achievements, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement and growth, while hygiene factors (extrinsic) are salary/benefits, job security, interpersonal relationships, work conditions, company policies and administration, supervision and personal life cause a lack of ASN interest in the functional position of goods/services procurement manager in North Kalimantan. The risk perception of ASN in North Kalimantan to work in the field of government procurement as functional position of goods/services procurement manager can be seen from the perceived risk criteria and socio-cultural paradigm. The risk perception criteria consist of voluntariness of risk, immediacy of effect, knowledge of risk, control of risk, catastrophic potential, common dread and severity of consequence. Risk perception from the socio-cultural paradigm is influenced by training, regulatory and organizational factors. Other factors resulting from research findings that cause Civil Servants lack of interest in the functional position of goods/services procurement manager in North Kalimantan are political influence in government procurement, low legal protection for functional position of goods/services procurement manager, psychological challenges, leadership and work culture.

Kata Kunci : Jabatan fungsional pengelola pengadaan barang/jasa, Motivasi, Persepsi risiko