SIFAT-SIFAT KUALITAS KAYU MINDI (Melia azeedarach L.) PADA BERBAGAI UMUR DAN LETAK BAGIAN KAYU DARI KECAMATAN KRETEK, KABUPATEN BANTUL, DIY SEBAGAI BAHAN MEBEL DAN KERAJINAN
MARWEDHI NURRATYO, Ir. Kamudjo, MS
2007 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANANBeberapa dasawarsa terakhir; industri mebel dan kerajnan kayu di Indonesia mengalami perkembangan yang cepat. Perkembangan ini antara lain disebabkall oleh demand atau konsumsi yang meningkat pada produk-produk mebel dan ker.,.an kayu. Seiring semakin meningkatnya demand pada produk-produk mebel dan kerajinan kayu tersebut, maka kebutuhan bahan baku tidak dapat dicukupi hanya dengan merigambil dari hulan negara saja. tefapi juga dari hulan rakyal Salah satu jenis tanaman substilusi yang saat ini banyak dirembangkan oleh rakyat adalah nindi (Melia azedatach L). oleh karena ibJ informasi mengenai sifat-sifat kualitas kayu mindi (Melia azedarach L) terutama sifat pengerjaannya pertu diketahui sebelum digunakan sebagai bahan mebel dan kerajnan. Oengan cftdapalkan informasi 1ersebut diharapkan dapat meri>erikan nilai 1ambah yang optimal bagi para pengusaha mebel dan kerajinan khususnya di daerah Kretek, Bantul dimana asal kayu mindi ini diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengelahui pengaruh pefbedaan umur dan letak bagian kayu ser1a interaksi keduanya tefhadap sifat pengerjaan kayu nindi sebagai bahan mebel dan kerajinan Penelitian ini menggunakan dua fakto; y.:.:!'"..: :.:::-.;.:;- 1???? !.:????-:. 12 ta????:! da.???? 9 tahun dan faldDr letak bagian kayu {alas, lengah. dan bawah) ser1a menggunakan rancangan penelitian CRD (Coope#e Randomized Design). Kayu mindi yang 1etah di ???? ????-esa..!ai uh.irannya di uji sesuai parnmeter. Hasilnya dianalisis Sle!Cal'3 faldolial untuk dua faldor clan dianjulkan dengan uj LSD. BenSasarkan penelitian diperoleh rala-rala cacat penggergapn kayu mindi 8.99% (sangat baic), pengetaman 14,87% (sangat baik), penga???? 2,01% (sangat bailc), pengeboran 48,39%(sedang), clan pembubulan 4u,6,ib (sedangJ. i.Jengafl demikian kayu mindi memilid rala-rala tnlal cacat pengerjaan 22.99% {bail() 1ermasuk kelas pengerjaan II alau 1-111. Perbedaan &nU" terbukli membeiilcan perbedaan sangat ::????????=:???? ;::????:: ==????;!::???? =--???? ;????????.;=--????????????- ???? ;'..,???? ????age.rgajian. pengampelasan dan permubu1an, 1etapi tidak pada rt-i pengelanan '- dan pengeboran. Peroedaarl letak bagian kayu terbukli rnembelikan perbedaan sangat nyala pada sebagian sifal: peligerjaala. yailu pada penggergajan. pengetaman. peng????????n dan pembtre????'t=.'1 te!a????! ???????? p????':!???? pengeboran. Dari dala pendukung berat jenis rala--rala kayu mindi 0,42 tennasuk menengah dan kelas kuat Ill; penyusutan ta1gensial 4,76%, radial 3,48% tennasuk cukup; rasio TIR sebesar 1,38 temtaSUk cukup stabil, k???? 1ekan tegak bus seral ,oa,:,,· ????u,( ????ui1c1n ???? sejajar serat 339,72 kglmf; dan kelrerasan 340.35 kglatf tennasuk cukup kuat clan keras ser1a termasuk kelas kuat Ill. Kayu mild dengan umur 12 tahun ke alas delagan lelak kayu bagian bawah dan tengah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan mebel dan kerajmn. Kayu mindi dengan letak kayu bagian atas bisa dis::wankan digunakan unluk kerajinan yang tidak memerlukan kekualan memadai seperti mpeng. aneka wayang kayu. aneka souvenir kayu c1an mamn anak
Several last decades, furniture and craft industry of wood in Indonesia experienced the fast development ThiS development in part as a result of by increasing demand or consumption to furniture and wood craft products. Together with increasingly the demand to furniture and craft products, then the requirement for the raw material could not be fulfilled only by talong from the country's forest, but also from the people's forest One of the kinds of the substitution aop that at this time often was developed by the people was mindi (Melia azedarach L ). Because of that information concerning the quality properties of mindi wood (Melia azedarach L)' especially the working properties must be known before being used as the furniture and craft materials. By obtained this information hopefully could give an optimal added value for the furniture and craft businessmen, especially in the Kretek, Bantu! area where this researched of mindi wood was taken from. The aun of this research was to know the influence of the age difference and the location of the wood part as well as the interaction both of them towards the working properties of mindi wood as the furniture and craft materials . This research used two factors. the age factor consisted of 15 years. 12 years and 9 years and the location of the wood part factor {upper, middle, and low) which was arranged in the CRO research plan (Complete Randomized Design) with three replicants each. Mindi wood was cut based on the measurement and tested in accordance with the parameter. Results was analysed in a factorial manner for two factors and followed with the LSD test Based on the research is obtained on average mindi sawing defect 8,99% (very good). planing 14,87% (ve,y good), sanding 2,01 % {very good). drilling 48,39% (medium), and turning 40,67% (medium). Therefore wood mindi had in general the total processing defect 22,99% {good) including the working class II or 1-111. The proven age difference had proved that it would give some working properties very real dfferentfy on sawing. sanding and turning, but not to the planing and drilling. The difference of the location of the proven wood part had proved that it would give some working properties vecy real rlfferently on sawing, planing, sanding and turning but not in drilling. The specific gravity in general wood mindi 0,42 including middle group and the mechanical class Ill; The tangential shrinkage 4,76%, radial shrinkage 3,48% included to enough; T/R ratio 1,38 included stable enough; the pressure strength across to grain 165,97 kg/cm2; the pressure strength perpendicular to grain 339,72 kg/cm2; and the hardness 340,35 kg/cm2 included strong enough and hard as well as included to mechanical dass Ill. Mindi wood with age 12 years and more with the location of undefSide part of a wood could be used as the furniture and craft materials. Mindi wood Wlth the location of upper part of a wood could be suggested was used for handycraft that didn't require adequate strength like masks, various wood puppets, various wooden souvenir and the child's toy
Kata Kunci : Mindi. Sifat Kualitas. Kelas Pengerjaan
