Analisis Perbedaan Komposisi Tubuh dan Daya Ledak Otot antara Berbagai Cabang Olahraga Kategori Combat Sport: Kajian Pada Striking dan Grappling Sport
IRDINA IZZATI, Dr. Mirza Hapsari S.T.P., S.Gz., MPH, RD; Dr.dr. Zaenal Muttaqien, AIFM
2024 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN
Latar Belakang: Combat sport merupakan olahraga yang memerlukan gerakan eksplosif, intermittent, dan cepat dari kedua ekstremitas. Untuk dapat memiliki performa tersebut, komposisi tubuh dan daya ledak otot menjadi komponen penting yang perlu dioptimalkan atlet. Combat sport dikelompokkan menjadi striking dan grappling berdasarkan karakteristik permainan. Walaupun termasuk dalam olahraga kategori combat sport, tidak menutup kemungkinan jika terdapat perbedaan karakteristik komposisi tubuh dan daya ledak otot pada kedua kelompok tersebut.
Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui perbedaan komposisi tubuh dan daya ledak otot antar cabang olahraga combat sport kelompok striking dan grappling
Metode: Penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan di SMANOR Sidoarjo dan Padepokan Judo PJSI DIY pada bulan Februari-Maret 2024 dengan total subjek 50 atlet dari kelompok striking dan grappling combat sport. Pengukuran komposisi tubuh dilakukan dengan BIA, daya ledak otot dengan vertical jump test dan two-hand medicine ball put test, dan asupan makan dengan SQ-FFQ.
Hasil: Rerata persentase massa otot atlet striking 33.8±5.1?n grappling 34.3±5.4%. Rerata persentase lemak tubuh atlet striking 15.1±7.9?n grappling 14.4±6.2%. Rerata nilai daya ledak otot lengan (m) atlet striking 3.74±0.74 m dan atlet grappling 3.40±1.06 m. Rerata nilai daya ledak otot tungkai (cm) atlet striking 55.9±13.8 cm dan atlet grappling 45.9±08.6 cm. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan (p?0.05) pada variabel persen massa otot (p=0.516), persen lemak tubuh (p=0.621), dan daya ledak otot lengan (p=0.143). Akan tetapi, terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0> striking dan grappling pada variabel daya ledak otot tungkai (p=0.011). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan (p?0.01) antara komposisi tubuh dengan daya ledak otot pada atlet combat sport. Akan tetapi, tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan (p?0.05) antara asupan makan dengan daya ledak otot.
Kesimpulan: Daya ledak otot tungkai kelompok striking secara signifikan lebih tinggi dari kelompok grappling. Persen massa otot memiliki hubungan signifikan positif dengan daya ledak otot, sedangkan persen lemak tubuh memiliki hubungan signifikan negatif dengan daya ledak otot.
Kata Kunci: Komposisi Tubuh, Daya Ledak Otot, Asupan Makan, Combat Sport, Striking, Grappling
Background: Combat sport is a sport that requires explosive, intermittent and fast movements of both extremities. To be able to have this performance, body composition and muscle explosive power are important components that athletes need to optimize. Combat sports are categorized into striking and grappling based on the characteristics of the game. Although included in the combat sport category, it is possible that there are differences in body composition characteristics and muscle explosive power in the two groups.
Objective: To determine the differences in body composition and muscle explosive power between combat sports striking and grappling groups.
Methods: Cross sectional study conducted at SMANOR Sidoarjo and Padepokan Judo PJSI DIY in February-March 2024 with a total of 50 athletes from striking and grappling combat sport groups. Body composition was measured with BIA, muscle explosive power with vertical jump test and two-hand medicine ball put test, and food intake with SQ-FFQ.
Results: The mean muscle mass percentage of striking athletes was 33.8±5.1% and grappling athletes was 34.3±5.4%. The mean body fat percentage of striking athletes was 15.1±7.9% and grappling athletes was 14.4±6.2%. The mean value of arm muscle explosive power (m) of striking athletes 3.74±0.74 m and grappling athletes 3.40±1.06 m. The mean value of leg muscle explosive power (cm) of striking athletes 55.9 ± 13.8 cm and grappling athletes 45.9 ±08.6 cm. T-test results showed no significant differences (p?0.05) in the variables of percent muscle mass (p=0.516), percent body fat (p=0.621), and arm muscle explosiveness (p=0.143). However, there was a significant difference (p<0 p=0.011).>
Conclusion: The explosive power of the leg muscles in the striking group was significantly higher than that in the grappling group. Percent muscle mass has a significant positive relationship with muscle explosive power, while percent body fat has a significant negative relationship with muscle explosive power.
Keywords: Body Composition, Muscle Explosiveness, Dietary Intake, Combat Sport, Striking, Grappling
Kata Kunci : Komposisi Tubuh, Daya Ledak Otot, Asupan Makan, Combat Sport, Striking, Grappling