Upaya Legitimasi Dominasi Kekuasaan dalam Novel 1984 Perspektif Diskursus Michel Foucault
Gilang Faijin Aljiaro, Rachmad Hidayat, S.Fil., M.A., Ph.D ; Dr. Supartiningsih, SS., M.Hum
2024 | Skripsi | ILMU FILSAFAT
Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis studi
tekstual (textual research) mengenai diksi, narasi, dan asumsi yang
dipakai George Orwell sebagai penulis karya yang bersifat fantasional dalam
menjelaskan dominasi totalitarianisme. Analisis penelitian
ini menggunakan metode hermeneutik filosofi dengan unsur-unsur metodis induksi,
koherensi intern, holistika, dan refleksi.
Hasil
penelitian ini adalah: pertama, penerapan totalitarianisme dalam novel 1984 dilakuka
melalui propaganda, pengawasan ketat, kontrol terhadap pengetahuan, dan
menggunakan teror dan kekuasaan yang sejalan dengan konsep totalitarianisme
Hannah Arendt dan Louis Althusser. Kedua, dalam perspektif diskursus
Michel Foucault, upaya partai dalam melegitimasi dan melanggengkan dominasi
kekuasaan dalam novel 1984 dipraktikkan melalui kontrol terhadap
pengetahuan, pembatasan pada aspek linguistik, dan dengan sistem represi dan
disiplin serta hukuman.
This
research aims to provide an overview of how power is applied to society in the
novel using Michel Foucault's discourse perspective. 1984 is a novel by George
Orwell that explores a society living under a totalitarian regime. Michel
Foucault's concept of discourse is a fascinating exploration of the complex
relationship between knowledge and power.
This
study utilizes a qualitative research method, specifically textual research, to
examine the diction, narration, and assumptions used by the author to explain
the domination of totalitarianism in a fantastical manner. The analysis of this
research employs the philosophical hermeneutic method, incorporating methodical
elements such as induction, internal coherence, holistic, and reflection.
The
findings of this study are as follows: The novel 1984 has been observed to
depict totalitarianism through various means such as propaganda, strict
surveillance, control of knowledge, and the exercise of terror and power. This
interpretation is consistent with the concept of totalitarianism as described
by Hannah Arendt and Louis Althusser. Michel Foucault's discourse perspective
suggests that the party in the novel 1984 maintains its power through the
control of knowledge, language restriction, and the implementation of a system
of repression, discipline, and punishment.
Kata Kunci : Totalitarianisme, Kekuasaan, Diskursus, Pengetahuan/ Totalitarianism, Power, Discourse, Knowledge