Institutional Complexity dalam Produksi Ruang Sosial di Pendidikan Tinggi (Studi kasus UGM dalam proyek Gelanggang Inovasi dan Kreativitas)
Bhram Kusuma Setya Hadi, Prof. Dr. Yeremias T Keban, MURP
2024 | Skripsi | ILMU ADMINISTRASI NEGARA (MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK)
Higher education faces significant challenges in playing a crucial role in shaping a quality and competitive society. These complex challenges arise from rapid developments in information and communication technology, globalization, and shifts in educational paradigms. One of Universitas Gadjah Mada's (UGM) efforts to address these challenges is through collaborative programs and infrastructure outlined in the UGM Strategic Plan 2022-2027. This plan is realized through the construction project of the Innovation and Creativity Arena (GIK), initially a renovation project for the Student Center in Yogyakarta since 1975. The GIK project is a National Strategic Project (PSN) financed through the Ministry of Public Works and People's Housing (PUPR) with a value of 552 billion Indonesian Rupiah.
In its development, the GIK project faces institutional complexity due to two institutional demands arising from two logics confronted by UGM in the GIK project. First, the demand for UGM to build GIK with the aim of actively contributing to public interests (State logic). Second, the demand for GIK's development to be profit-oriented in its operations (Market logic). These two demands and logics create their own complexity for UGM as they exert pressure and influence decision-making and strategies. This research aims to understand the institutional complexity faced by UGM and its responses.
To identify the institutional complexity faced by UGM, the researcher analyzes three variables: Regulations, Actors, and logics. To understand UGM's responses to the complexity, the researcher uses Oliver's typology of strategies, mapping six basic institutional responses to complexity. This study also employs Lefebvre's Triad Concept of Social Space Production to comprehend the social reality in the old Student Center, especially in terms of actors living there and the dynamics present. One significant actor providing a considerable demand in the complexity faced by UGM in this project is 'Cah Gelanggang,' an organic solidarity resulting from various interactions and dynamics in the social space (lived space) cultivated over time in the old Student Center.
The study finds six logics that demand UGM's attention through their respective actors, such as Market logic by the MWA chairman, State logic by Cah Gelanggang, Moral logic by Cah Gelanggang (mostly alumni), Culture logic by Ngarsa Dalem, professional logic by the GIK manager, and Civil logic by Cah Gelanggang. From the regulation variable, two conflicting macro-level regulations are identified, namely Law No. 12 of 2012 (Education as a market good) and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 31, paragraph 1 (Education as a public good). There are also micro-level regulations supporting market logic, such as the UGM Strategic Plans for 2017-2022 and 2022-2027 in the collaboration and infrastructure program plans.
UGM (Gadjah Mada University) has a unique response to each demand that shapes its complexity. This is because the six logics that form demands on UGM are responded to in various ways. However, in the process, various responses given still leave unfinished pressures, especially in facing the 'Cah Gelanggang' (a term that needs context for accurate translation). In dealing with complexity, UGM also has innovations such as the Final Design Adjustment Innovation of GIK, Project Funding Innovation, and the GIK Legal Umbrella Policy at UGM.
Kata Kunci : UGM, Higher Education, Complexity, Social Space Productions