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Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) terhadap Destruksi Dual Spesies Biofilm Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (In Vitro)

PUTRI KHALISTA NUGRAHA, Prof. drg. Tetiana Haniastuti, M.Kes., Ph.D.; drg. Aryan Morita, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2023 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Streptococcus mutans dan C. albicans merupakan mikroorganisme yang berperan penting menyebabkan karies gigi karena memiliki kemampuan asidogenik dan asidurik. Di dalam rongga mulut, kedua mikroorganisme ini dapat berinteraksi membentuk biofilm kariogenik. Daun sirih merah mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan minyak atsiri yang memiliki aktivitas antibiofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun sirih merah terhadap destruksi dual-spesies biofilm S. mutans dan C. albicans

Uji destruksi biofilm dilakukan menggunakan microplate round-bottom 96 wells. Model biofilm dibuat dengan menginkubasi suspensi S. mutans dan C. albicans pada BHI-B yang mengandung 2% sukrosa pada suhu 37°C selama 24 jam. Setelah inkubasi, biofilm diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun sirih merah konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20%, klorheksidin glukonat 0,2% (kontrol positif), dan NaCl steril (kontrol negatif). Microplate diinkubasi pada suhu 37°C selama 24 jam, kemudian dibilas dengan NaCl, dan dilanjutkan pewarnaan dengan crystal violet 0,1%. Optical density (OD) diukur menggunakan microplate reader (Lamda= 450nm). Data dianalisis menggunakan One-Way ANOVA, dilanjutkan uji Post-Hoc metode Least Significant Difference (LSD). 

Uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan antar kelompok uji (p<0 xss="removed">S. mutans dan C. albicans. Uji LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan ekstrak daun sirih merah konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 20% terhadap klorheksidin glukonat 0,2%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun sirih merah memiliki kemampuan destruksi terhadap dual-spesies biofilm S. mutans ATCC 25175 dan C. albicans ATCC 10231. Ekstrak sirih merah konsentrasi 20% memiliki kemampuan mendestruksi dual-spesies biofilm S. mutans ATCC 25175 dan C. albicans ATCC 10231 yang paling tinggi, tetapi efektivitasnya masih lebih rendah dibandingkan klorheksidin glukonat 0,2%. 

Streptococcus mutans and C. albicans are microorganisms play an important role in dental caries since they have acidogenic and aciduric abilities. In the oral cavity, these two microorganisms can interact with each other to form a cariogenic biofilm. Red betel leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils that have anti-biofilm activities. This study aimed to determine the effect of red betel leaf extract on the destruction of dual-species biofilm of S. mutans and C. albicans

The biofilm destruction was performed using a 96-well round bottom microplate. The biofilm model was made by incubating S. mutans and C. albicans suspension in BHI-B containing 2% sucrose at 37°C for 24 hours. After the incubation, the biofilm was exposed to various concentrations of red betel leaf extract (5%, 10%, 20%), 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (positive control), and NaCl (negative control). The microplate was then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, rinsed with NaCl, and followed by staining with 0.1% crystal violet. Optical density was measured using a microplate reader (Lamda= 450 nm). The data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, then continued with the Post-Hoc Least Significant Difference method. 

One-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant effect among test groups (p<0 xss="removed">S. mutans and C. albicans. The LSD test showed that there was a significant difference in red betel leaf extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% against 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. The study concluded that red betel leaf extract has the ability to destruct dual-species biofilm S. mutans ATCC 25175 and C. albicans ATCC 10231. Red betel leaf extract concentration 20% has the highest ability to destruct dual-species biofilm S. mutans ATCC 25175 and C. albicans ATCC 10231, but the effectivity is lower than 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate.

Kata Kunci : Candida albicans, daun sirih merah, destruksi biofilm, dual spesies biofilm, Streptococcus mutans

  1. S1-2023-455244-abstract.pdf  
  2. S1-2023-455244-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S1-2023-455244-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S1-2023-455244-title.pdf  
  5. S1-2024-455244-abstract.pdf  
  6. S1-2024-455244-bibliography.pdf  
  7. S1-2024-455244-tableofcontent.pdf  
  8. S1-2024-455244-title.pdf