GERAKAN SOSIAL ALARMGEDE SEBAGAI CONTENTIOUS POLITICS DALAM PENOLAKAN PENAMBAHAN PLTP YANG MERAMPAS RUANG HIDUP MASYARAKAT (Studi Kasus: Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi Dieng Unit 2)
Maulida Rita Widyana, Bayu Dardias Kurniadi., S.I.P, M.A, M.Pub.Pol, P.hD
2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Politik
This research discusses the process of forming a social movement and the strategy of the ALARMGEDE social movement in fighting against the addition of PLTP Dieng Unit 2. Researchers chose Dieng as a case study area because the area has geothermal resources which are used for the construction of PLTP Dieng. Apart from that, during the construction of the Dieng Unit 1 PLTP, there was no resistance from residents in this area. This is caused by several reasons, such as a lack of information about the impacts that will arise as a result of the construction of the PLTP, the construction of the Dieng Unit 1 PLTP occurred during the Old Order era, and a lack of coordination from residents in rejecting it. However, during the construction of PLTP Dieng Unit 1, various impacts felt by local residents began to emerge, both from an economic, social and ecological perspective. These impacts resulted in conflicts between local residents, between local residents and companies, as well as between local residents and village officials.
These conflicts ultimately encouraged the formation of the ALARMGEDE social movement. The emergence of the Dieng social movement was an instrument of contentious politics for local residents who rejected the addition of PLTP Dieng Unit 2. Contentious politics emerged because of the conflict that occurred among local residents, resulting in the formation of the ALARMGEDE social movement. This research is very relevant for understanding social dynamics and the process of forming social movements in response to the construction of large projects such as PLTP Dieng Unit 2, as well as how social movement strategies are used to convey their messages and goals to the wider community.
The research method used is a case study because this research is contemporary in nature, with the role of the researcher examining the processes and strategies of social movements, and not looking at the resistance aspect. Apart from that, the researcher is not part of the object of this research, and the researcher ensures that this research remains in the context of its environment. So, researchers conduct research on social movements rather than bringing the research object into the researcher's environment. Then, the use of primary data and secondary data is an important part of this research. Primary data was obtained through interviews with Karangtengah Village residents, village officials, NGOs, and PT. Geo Dipa Energy. Secondary data was obtained from previous research that is relevant to this research. The theoretical framework used is social movement theory adopted from Sidney Tarrow. In this theoretical framework, there are four indicators used by researchers, namely political opportunity structure, mobilizing structure, repertoire, and framing.
The research results show that there are processes and strategies carried out by the ALARMGEDE social movement in carrying out resistance. In the process of forming social movements, researchers use political opportunity structure indicators which consist of conflict between elites, social crisis among citizens, open access to political institutions, and conflict between citizens who oppose strong local figures. Apart from that, researchers also use mobilizing structure indicators as an analytical tool in understanding the process of forming social movements. There are several forms of mass mobilization used, including mobilizing material resources, mobilizing moral resources, and mobilizing cultural resources.
In terms of social movement strategies, researchers use repertoire indicators consisting of forms of action directed at PT Geo Dipa Energi and village officials as part of resistance efforts. Apart from that, researchers also used framing indicators as a strategy by utilizing social media to spread the message of residents' rejection of the addition of PLTP Dieng Unit 2 so that it can be known by all Indonesian people. This research provides an in-depth understanding of how the ALARMGEDE social movement was formed, operated, and achieved its goals in facing the planned addition of PLTP Dieng Unit 2.
Keywords: social movement, PLTP Dieng, political opportunity structure, mobilizing structure, repertoire, framing
Kata Kunci : gerakan sosial, PLTP Dieng, political opportunity structure, mobilizing structure, repertoire, framing