Analisis Fungsi Audit Internal dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Tata Kelola Perusahaan (Studi pada PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk)
Siti Nur Sholihah, R.A. Supriyono, Prof., Dr., S.U., Ak., CA
2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Akuntansi/Akuntansi Terapan
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh fungsi audit internal (IA) terhadap efektivitas tata kelola perusahaan (GCG) dan menganalisis peran dan pelaksanaan IA dalam meningkatkan efektivitas GCG, serta menganalisis penyebab masih terjadinya penyimpangan di PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk atau PT Telkom. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (mixed method research) sekuensial ekspalanatoris. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data primer dan data sekunder dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui instrumen kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 52 orang responden dari Unit Internal Audit PT Telkom.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan profesional IA dan pelaksanaan IA memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap efektivitas penerapan GCG di PT Telkom, sedangkan independensi IA memiliki hubungan positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap efektivitas penerapan prinsip-prinsip GCG di PT Telkom. IA PT Telkom melaksanakan dua fungsi utama, yaitu fungsi asurans dan fungsi internal consulting, serta sebagai katalisator dalam mendukung penerapan GCG di lingkungan perusahaan, baik grup maupun subsidiary. Proses audit internal di PT Telkom dilaksanakan dengan mengacu pada GRC (governance, risk, and compliance), sedangkan untuk penyusunan program audit didasarkan pada joint planning session (JPS) yang melibatkan semua unit bisnis di PT Telkom, baik grup maupun entitas anak. Penyebab masih adanya penyimpangan atau defisiensi di PT Telkom biasanya adalah kontrol yang tidak sesuai dan ketidaksiplinan dalam mengimplementasikan peraturan yang telah ditetapkan.
This
study aims to empirically examine the effect of the internal audit function
(IA) on the effectiveness of corporate governance (GCG) and analyze the role
and performance of IA in improving the effectiveness of GCG, as well as analyze
the causes of irregularities at PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk or PT
Telkom. This study used a mixed methods approach (mixed method research) explanatory sequential. The data used in
the research were primary data and secondary data with data
collection carried out through questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The
sampling
technique used was purposive sampling and it
obtained
as many as 52 respondents from the Internal Audit Function of PT Telkom.
The
research results showed that IA's professional ability and IA’s performance had
positive and significant influence
on the effectiveness of GCG implementation at PT Telkom, while IA’s
independence had positive but not significant
relationship to the effectiveness of GCG principles implementation at PT
Telkom. IA in PT Telkom carried out two main functions, namely the assurance function and
the internal consulting function, and also be a catalyst in supporting
the implementation of GCG in the corporate environment, both groups and subsidiaries. The internal audit
process at PT Telkom was carried
out with reference to the GRC (Governance,
Risk, and Compliance), while the preparation of the audit program was based on Joint Planning Session (JPS)
involving all business units in PT Telkom, both groups and subsidiaries. The cause
of deviations or deficiencies in PT Telkom was
usually due to inappropriate controls and indiscipline in implementing the
regulations that had been
set.
This study provides an overview and analysis results regarding how effective the internal audit function is in assessing and evaluating the implementation of GCG in state-owned companies through an institutional theory perspective (isomorphism coercive and isomorphism normative) with a mixed research approach. This research is expected to provide practical implications, theoretical, and methodology.
Kata Kunci : Fungsi Audit Internal, Tata Kelola Perusahaan, BUMN, Internal Audit Function, Corporate Governance, State-Owned Companies