PERALIHAN PENGGUNA SEPEDA MOTOR KE TRANS JOGJA

Ade Primerita Septiana, Prof. Ir. Sigit Priyanto, M.Sc., Ph.D dan Dr. Ir. Dewanti, M.S.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Mag. S. & T.Transportasi

Pada tahun 2021, populasi kendaraan bermotor di DIY mencapai 3 juta unit dimana 85% merupakan sepeda motor. Pertumbuhan jumlah kendaraan bermotor berakibat pada peningkatan kemacetan, polusi dan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Dalam usaha mengatasi permasalahan transportasi di DIY maka tahun 2008 pemerintah mengoperasikan transportasi umum berbasis BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) yaitu Trans Jogja. Namun berbagai penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa load factor Trans Jogja sangat rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat seberapa besar keinginan pengguna sepeda motor untuk beralih ke Trans Jogja.

Data primer diperoleh secara online dan offline dari 455 pengguna sepeda motor dengan menjawab kuesioner penelitian yang terdiri dari empat bagian yaitu karakteristik sosiodemografi, karakteristik perjalanan, faktor pelayanan yang menjadi prioritas untuk berpindah ke Trans Jogja dan preferensi penumpang terhadap 8 skenario yang ditawarkan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif, crosstab, analisis spasial, analisis faktor, dan ordered logit dengan bantuan perangkat lunak JMP, SPSS, ArcMap dan STATA.

Hasil analisis crosstab menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sosiodemografi responden yang berkorelasi dengan jumlah kepemilikan sepeda motor yaitu usia, pendapatan, uang saku, jumlah anggota keluarga. Berdasarkan analisis faktor pelayanan angkutan umum yang diprioritaskan oleh pengguna sepeda motor agar mau berpindah ke Trans Jogja, diperoleh 4 faktor laten yaitu kinerja pelayanan Trans Jogja, pengalaman transit, fasilitas bus serta biaya dan parkir. Dan hasil analisis ordered logit pada bagian state preference menunjukkan probabilitas tertinggi pindah dari sepeda motor ke Trans Jogja terdapat pada skenario 3 dimana harga tiket Trans Jogja diasumsikan gratis, jarak berjalan ke halte sejauh 250 m, waktu perjalanan dalam bus 15 menit, adanya kebijakan pembatasan jalan dengan plat nomor ganjil genap serta sistem jalan berbayar.

 

Kata Kunci: Sepeda motor, Trans Jogja, peralihan moda, stated preference, ordered logit.

In 2021, the population of motorized vehicles in DIY reached 3 million units of which 85% were motorcycles. The growth in the number of motorized vehicles results in increased congestion, pollution, and traffic accidents. In an effort to overcome transportation problems in Yogyakarta, in 2008 the government operated BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) based public transportation, Trans Jogja. However, various studies show that the load factor of Trans Jogja is very low. This study was conducted to see how much motorcycle users want to switch to Trans Jogja.

Primary data was obtained online and offline from 455 motorcycle users by answering a research questionnaire consisting of four sections: sociodemographic characteristics, travel characteristics, service factors that are prioritized to switch to Trans Jogja, and passenger preferences for the 8 scenarios offered. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive methods, crosstab, spatial analysis, factor analysis, and ordered logit with the help of JMP, SPSS, ArcMap, and STATA software.

The results of the crosstab analysis show that the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents that correlate with the number of motorcycle owners are age, income, pocket money, and number of family members. Based on the factor analysis of public transport services prioritized by motorcycle users to switch to Trans Jogja, 4 latent factors were obtained, namely Trans Jogja service performance, transit experience, bus facilities, and fees and parking. And the results of the ordered logit analysis in the state preference section show the highest probability of moving from motorcycles to Trans Jogja is in scenario 3 where the Trans Jogja ticket price is assumed to be free, the walking distance to the bus stop is 250 m, the travel time on the bus is 15 minutes, there is a road restriction policy with odd-even license plates and a paid road system.

Keywords: Motorcycle, Trans Jogja, mode shift, stated preference, ordered logit. 

Kata Kunci : Sepeda motor, Trans Jogja, peralihan moda, stated preference, ordered logit.