Mengidentifikasi Hubungan antara Faktor Terpilih Pembelajaran Daring Sinkron yang Berpusat pada Mahasiswa

I PUTU EKA JULIANTARA, Prof. Ir. P. Insap Santosa, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU.; Dr. Sri Suning Kusumawardani, S.T., M.T.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Teknologi Informasi

Peningkatan kerugian akibat masalah pembelajaran daring, khususnya perasaan terisolasi dan kurang motivasi, terjadi akhir-akhir ini seiring banyaknya peralihan pembelajaran tatap muka ke daring. Namun, hingga saat ini, belum ditemukan atau banyak penelitian yang melibatkan cukup banyak faktor dari masalah tersebut, terutama dalam konteks pembelajaran daring sinkron yang dimulai karena pandemi COVID-19. Untuk itu, penelitian ini melibatkan lebih banyak dari faktor tersebut, yaitu social presence (SP), instructor presence (IP), student-instructor relationship (SIR), dan engagement (E). Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara faktor tersebut dan pengaruhnya ke perceived learning (PL) dan perceived satisfaction (PS) sebagai hipotesis dalam konteks tersebut di Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Hipotesis tersebut digambarkan menggunakan model secara SEM berupa lima koefisien jalur sebagai pengaruh faktor yang positif dan signifikan ke satu sama lain, yaitu SP?SIR, IP?E, SIR?PL, E?PS, dan PL?PS. Hipotesis tersebut diuji melalui data berupa 325 kasus atau observasi sebagai sampel yang dikumpulkan melalui survei menggunakan kuesioner, lalu dianalisis melalui CB-SEM menggunakan Amos. Berlandaskan pada kriteria yang telah diuji, semua atau lima hipotesis tersebut berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Salah satu kriteria terpenting adalah semua koefisien jalur bernilai ? > 0,3, yaitu ? = 0,516 yang paling rendah dan ? = 0,720 yang paling tinggi, dan p < 0 xss=removed>

Learning losses have increased, particularly feelings of isolation and lack of motivation, in recent times as more face-to-face learning has shifted to online. However, until now, there have not been found or many studies involving enough factors of this problem, especially in the context of synchronous online learning which started due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, this research involves more of these factors, namely social presence (SP), instructor presence (IP), student-instructor relationship (SIR), and engagement (E). Furthermore, this study aims to identify the relationship between these factors and their influence on perceived learning (PL) and perceived satisfaction (PS) as hypotheses in this context at Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. Those hypotheses are described using the SEM model in the form of five path coefficients as the influence of positive and significant factors on one another, namely SP?SIR, IP?E, SIR?PL, E?PS, and PL?PS. Those hypotheses were tested through data in the form of 325 cases or observations as a sample which was collected through a survey using a questionnaire, then analyzed through CB-SEM using Amos. Based on the criteria that have been tested, all or five of these hypotheses have a positive and significant effect. One of the most important criteria is that all path coefficients have a value of ? > 0.3, namely ? = 0.516 which is the lowest, ? = 0.720 which is the highest, and p < 0.001, namely p = 0.000. For this reason, the results of this study deserve to be considered as a new combination to achieve a solution to this problem. This is a contribution to improving online learning in a related context in the form of increasing knowledge.

Kata Kunci : Faktor yang berpusat pada mahasiswa, pembelajaran daring, pandemi COVID-19, structural equation modeling