Analisis Hubungan Tutupan Lahan Terhadap Fenomena Pulau Bahang Perkotaan Menggunakan Citra Satelit Multi-Temporal (Studi Kasus: Sebagian Kota Medan)
AGNES CAROLINA S, Dr. Retnadi Heru Jatmiko, M.Sc.
2023 | Skripsi | S1 KARTOGRAFI DAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH
The increasing population
growth every year causes environmental problems, including a significant
increase in surface temperature in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to
identify the urban heat island phenomenon to minimize land use changes
influenced by this phenomenon. This research aims to determine the changes or
spatial patterns of surface temperature and land cover in parts of Medan City,
analyze the relationship between land cover and surface temperature, and
identify the presence of the urban heat island phenomenon in the area. The
research data was processed using Landsat 8 and 9 OLI/TIRS satellite images
recorded in 2014 and 2023. The split-window algorithm was applied to Landsat
data to estimate land surface temperature (LST) using thermal bands 10 and 11.
Land cover mapping was conducted using a guided classification method.The
research results show consistent patterns of surface temperature changes, with
higher temperatures observed towards the city center. The results of the simple
regression test show a negative correlation with a very low correlation
coefficient between water and vegetation, while buildings and paved areas show
a positive correlation with a strong correlation coefficient. The correlation
test results between population data and surface temperature show a positive
correlation with a coefficient of determination of 0.9555 and an equation of y
= 12357x - 226796, indicating that higher population density leads to a larger
area affected by the urban heat island phenomenon, and vice versa. The
districts of Medan Denai, Medan Helvetia, Medan Perjuangan, and Medan Area show
surface temperatures ranging from 32°C to 37°C, indicating a medium to strong
UHI intensity. This is consistent with the road length data based on road
surface types in Medan City. Based on the relationship graph between air
temperature and wind speed, a very low correlation with a coefficient of
determination of 0.07 and an equation of y = 0.0869x + 1.5907 is observed.
Kata Kunci : Suhu Permukaan, Tutupan Lahan, Urban Heat Island, Fenomena Pulau Bahang, Penginderaan Jauh, Split-Window Algorithm