Reduplikasi Morfemis dalam Bahasa Sasak

DIAN MAHENDRA, Dr. Daru Winarti, M.Hum.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan tipe, fungsi, dan makna reduplikasi dalam bahasa Sasak. Data-data dikumpulkan dengan metode simak, wawancara, dan introspektif. Data tersebut kemudian diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tipe, fungsi, dan maknanya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik konstituen langsung, penerapan rumus XY = XZ, tes identitas kata, dan pemeriksaan konteks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe reduplikasi morfemis dibedakan berdasarkan bentuk, arah, dan foci. Tipe berdasarkan bentuk diklasifikasikan menjadi enam, yakni tipe R-1: (D + R), R-2: (D + RP), R-3: (DAFIKS + R), R-4: (D + R)AFIKS, R-5: (DAFIKS + R), dan R-6: (D + RPF). Berdasarkan arahnya, reduplikasi morfemis dibedakan menjadi reduplikasi arah kanan dan arah kiri. Fungsi reduplikasi morfemis yang dijumpai dikelompokkan menjadi dua, yakni reduplikasi infleksional dan derivasional. Reduplikasi infleksional dibedakan menjadi enam tipe, yakni tipe N > N, V > V, Adj. > Adj., Adv. > Adv., Num. > Num., dan Kata Tanya > Kata Tanya. Adapun reduplikasi derivasional dibedakan menjadi delapan tipe, yakni tipe N > Adj., N > Adv., N > KK, N1 > N2, Adj. > N, Adj. > Adv., V > N, dan Num. > Adv. Makna reduplikasi morfemis dalam bahasa Sasak diklasifikasikan menjadi dua, yakni makna bebas konteks dan terikat konteks. Makna bebas kontes terdiri dari tiga belas makna, yakni makna "jamak", "keserupaan", "agak", "keberagaman", "tanpa tujuan sebenarnya", "iteratif atau keterus-menerusan", "resiprokatif atau berbalasan", "superlatif", "dalam keadaan", "dengan cara", "limitatif", "demi", dan "kolektif". Sementara itu, makna terikat konteks dibedakan menjadi sepuluh makna, yakni makna "jamak", "keserupaan", "keberagaman", "hal", "agak", "kompetitif", "saat", "ketidakwajaran", "setiap", dan "keseluruhan".

This study describes the type, function, and meaning of reduplication in the Sasak language. The data were collected by listening, interviewing, and introspective methods. The data is then classified based on its type, function, and meaning. Data analysis was carried out using the direct constituent technique, applying the formula XY = XZ, word identity test, and context checking. The results showed that the types of morphemic reduplication were differentiated based on the forms, directions, and focis. Based on the forms, there are six types of morphemic reduplication namely R-1: (B + R), R-2: (B + RP), R-3: (BAFFIX + R), R-4: (B + R)AFFIX, R-5: (BAFFIX + R), and R-6: (B + RPC). Based on the directions, morphemic reduplications are classified into right direction reduplication and left direction reduplication. The morphemic reduplication functions found are grouped into two, namely inflectional and derivational reduplication. Inflectional reduplication is divided into six types, namely N > N, V > V, Adj. > Adj., Adv. > Adv., Num. > Num., and Question Word > Question Word. Meanwhile, derivational reduplication is divided into eight types which are N > Adj., N > Adv., N > EW, N1 > N2, Adj. > N, Adj. > Adv., V > N, dan Num. > Adv. The meaning of morphemic reduplication in the Sasak language is classified into two, namely context-free and context-bound meanings. The context-free meaning consists of thirteen meanings, namely the meaning of 'plural', 'similarity', 'somewhat', 'diversity', 'without real purpose', 'iterative or continuous', 'reciprocal', 'superlative', 'under the circumstances', 'by means of', 'time-period', 'for the sake of', and 'collective'. Meanwhile, the context-bound meaning is divided into ten meanings, namely the meaning of 'plural', 'similarity', 'diversity', 'things', 'somewhat', 'competitive', 'when', 'irregularity', 'every', and 'whole'.

Kata Kunci : reduplikasi morfemis, bahasa Sasak, bentuk reduplikasi, fungsi reduplikasi, makna reduplikasi