Recovery Resort Bagi Peningkatan Kesehatan Pernapasan Penderita Dispnea dengan Konsep Desain Biofilik

ROSELINA RISANG S L, Dr. Agus Hariyadi, S.T., M.Sc.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 ARSITEKTUR

Akibat kondisi Pandemi Covid-19, sektor pariwisata Indonesia mengalami penurunan baik dari jumlah kunjung maupun pendapatan perekonomian. Walaupun Kepala Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mengatakan bahwa pemulihan sektor pariwisata akan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama, namun optimisme untuk kembali meningkatkan pariwisata Indonesia mulai diupayakan. Pelan-pelan upaya pemulihan sektor ekonomi pariwisata mulai dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan para masyarakat. Apabila menggunakan perspektif pariwisata beberapa tahun mendatang, konsep wellness tourism memiliki peluang besar menjadi salah satu strategi penghidupan kembali pariwisata sekaligus memberikan solusi kesehatan bagi wisatawan. Konsep pariwisata berbasis kesehatan tersebut kemudian diterapkan dalam perancangan Recovery Resort yang difokuskan sebagai fasilitas penyembuhan penderita penyakit pernapasan, khususnya dyspnea. Resort terletak di kawasan pantai Selatan Kabupaten Gunungkidul dengan pertimbangan manfaat lingkungan pantai, salah satunya elemen angin. Pemilihan tapak juga mendukung Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah DIY (RPJMD DIY) tahun 2017-2022 dengan paradigma Among Tani Dagang Layar. Perancangan fasilitas Recovery Resort menerapkan penekanan metode healing environment dan diimplementasikan melalui pendekatan desain arsitektur biofilik. Healing environment memanfaatkan lingkungan alam sebagai katalisator peningkatan kesehatan, baik secara fisik maupun mental. Pada Recovery Resort, pergerakan angin (wind driven circulation) dimanfaatkan sebagai objek utama perancangan. Mengstimulasi empat dari lima indra manusia, rancangan berorientasi pada peningkatan sensitivitas sensor manusia terhadap kehadiran angin, khususnya di kawasan tepi pantai. Kemudian, penerapan konsep healing environment dipertegas melalui pemilihan pendekatan desain biofilik yang tampak pada perancangan: zonasi, tata massa, bentuk, sistem pencaayaan, penghawaan, dan material bangunan.

Due to the conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Indonesia's tourism sector has experienced a decline in both the number of visits and economic income. Although the Head of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) said that the recovery of the tourism sector will take a long time, optimism has begun to increase tourism in Indonesia. Slowly, the government and the community began to carry out efforts to restore the tourism economic sector. When using a tourism perspective in the next few years, the concept of wellness tourism has a great opportunity to become one of the strategies to revive tourism as well as provide health solutions for tourists. The concept of health-based tourism is then applied in the design of the Recovery Resort which is focused as a healing facility for people with respiratory diseases, especially dyspnea. The resort is located on the south coast of Gunungkidul Regency with consideration of the benefits of the coastal environment, one of which is the wind element. Site selection also supports the DIY Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD DIY) for 2017-2022 with the paradigm of "Among Tani Dagang Layar". The design of the Recovery Resort facility applies an emphasis on the healing environment method and is implemented through a biophilic architectural design approach. The healing environment utilizes the natural environment as a catalyst for improving health, both physically and mentally. In the Recovery Resort, wind driven circulation is used as the main object of the design. Stimulating four of the five human senses, the design is oriented towards increasing the sensitivity of human sensors to the presence of wind, especially in coastal areas. Then, the application of the healing environment concept was emphasized through the selection of a biophilic design approach that appeared in the design: zoning, mass arrangement, shape, lighting systems, ventilation, and building materials.

Kata Kunci : Recovery Resort, Healing Environment, Desain Biofilik