NAMA-NAMA RAGAM GERAK TARI JAWA KLASIK GAYA SURAKARTA

ELIS FAJARIYATI, Dr. Daru Winarti, M.Hum.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

Penamaan ragam gerak tari Jawa klasik gaya Surakarta tidak terlepas dari peran masyarakat Jawa yang masih menganggap bahwa tari memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam kehidupannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena adanya kesenjangan ilmu lingusitik dalam membahas nama-nama tari. Teori yang mendukung penelitian ini adalah morfologi, semantik dan etnosemantik. Data penelitian ini disediakan menggunakan metode simak dan catat. Data diambil dari buku yang berjudul "Seni Tari Jawa, Tradisi Surakarta dan Peristilahannya". Validasi data dilakukan dengan cara konfirmasi kepada pengiat tari Jawa klasik gaya Surakarta yakni mahasiswa tari di ISI surakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan bentuk dan makna kebahasaan nama-nama ragam gerak tari Jawa klasik gaya Surakarta dan mendeskripsikan faktor budaya pada ragam gerak tari tersebut. Analisis morfologi dan semantis dalam analisis data untuk menemukan bentuk kebahasaan dan makna. Metode padan referensial pada teori etnosemantik untuk menemukan faktor budaya. Penyajian hasil analisis disampaikan menggunakan deskripsi kata-kata. Hasil dari penelitian adalah bentuk kebahasaan nama-nama ragam gerak tari Jawa klasik terdiri atas bentuk kata monomorfemis dan bentuk kata polimorfemis. Pembentukan kata polimorfemis terjadi karena proses afiksasi, pengulangan, dan pemajemukan kata. Makna dalam nama-nama ragam gerak tari Jawa klasik gaya Surakarta terdiri atas makna harfiah dan makna kiasan. Faktor budaya yang tercermin dari nama-nama ragam gerak tari Jawa klasik gaya Surakarta meliputi faktor biotik dan abiotik. Faktor gejala alam biotik meliputi flora, fauna, watak, tubuh manusia, tingkah laku sehari-hari, peristiwa perang, cerita wayang, dan mitologi, sementara faktor gejala alam abiotik hanya meliputi fenomena alam.

The naming of the types of classical Javanese dance movements in the Surakartan style is inseparable from the role of the Javanese people who still think that dance has a very important role in their lives. This research was conducted because there were gaps in the linguistic field in discussing dance names. The theories that support this research are morphology, semantics, and ethnosemantics. The research data were provided using the observe and note method. The data were taken from a book entitled "Seni Tari Jawa, Tradisi Surakarta dan Peristilahannya". The data validation was done by confirming the data collected with the classical Javanese dance enthusiasts in Surakarta, namely dance students at ISI Surakarta. The purpose of this research is to find the linguistic forms and meanings of the name of various classical Javanese dance movements in Surakartan style and to describe the cultural factors in those various dance movements. Morphological and semantic analysis were applied in conducting the data analysis to find the forms as well as the meanings of the language. Meanwhile, the referential equivalent method in ethnosemantic theory was applied to find cultural factors. The presentation of the analysis results is conveyed using descriptions of words. The result of this research is the linguistic form of the names of the various movements of classical Javanese dance consisting of monomorphemic word forms and polymorphemic word forms. Polymorphemic word formation occurs due to the process of affixation, repetition, and compounding of words. The meanings in the names of the various movements of classical Javanese dance in the Surakartan style consist of literal meanings and figurative meanings. Cultural factors that are reflected in the names of the various movements of classical Javanese dance in the Surakartan style include biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factor includes flora, fauna, characters, human bodies, daily behaviors, war events, wayang (shadow puppet) stories, and mythologies, while abiotic factor includes only natural phenomena.

Kata Kunci : Ragam gerak tari Jawa, Surakarta, Budaya, Ilmu Linguistik