Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction untuk Meningkatkan Health Related Quality of Life pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner Komorbid Depresi

IDA N. FAIZAH, Prof. Dr. Sofia Retnowati, M.S.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER PSIKOLOGI PROFESI

Pasien penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) memiliki beban fisik dan emosi yang lebih tinggi dibanding penyakit kronik lainnya sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas hidupnya. Pada beban fisik, pasien PJK mengalami keterbatasan aktivitas fisik dan hubungan seksual, nyeri dada, serta gangguan pencernaan. Pada status emosi, pasien PJK wanita memiliki beban stres kehidupan lebih tinggi dibanding laki-laki mengakibatkan pasien cenderung mengalami depresi. Padahal, depresi memperburuk prognosis dan berisiko meningkatkan kematian dini akibat penurunan detak jantung serta turunnya motivasi pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) terhadap health related quality of life (HRQoL) pada pasien PJK komorbid depresi. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus tunggal eksperimen. Partisipan berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan diagnosis PJK komorbid depresi. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dan deskriptif memperlihatkan bahwa intervensi MBSR berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan HRQoL. Partisipan mengalami peningkatan pada status fisik dan emosi, interaksi sosial, serta persepsi terhadap status kesehatan. Hal ini sesuai dengan tujuan utama peningkatan HRQoL yaitu menghilangkan gejala serta meningkatkan fungsi fisik dan psikososialnya.

Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) have higher physical and emotional burden than other chronic diseases. This condition can reduce their quality of life. In physical burden, CHD patients have limitations in physical activity and sexual intercourse, chest pain, and digestive disorders. In emotional status, female CHD patients have higher stress burden of life than male patients, cause development of depression toward the patients. Depression worsen the prognosis and risks of increasing premature death due to decreased heart rate and decreased treatment motivation. This study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) on health related quality of life (HRQoL) in CHD patients with depression. This research used a single case experimental study. The participants of this study were female patients with CHD diagnosis of depression comorbidities. The results of quantitative and descriptive analysis show that MBSR interventions have an effect on increasing HRQoL in participants. Participants experienced an increase in physical and emotional status, social interaction, and perception of health status. This finding was in line with the main objective of improving HRQoL, which could relieve symptoms and improve physical and psychosocial functioning.

Kata Kunci : mindfulness based stress reduction, health related quality of life, health psychology, coronary heart disease.