Measuring Community Resilience Against Coastal Hazards In Baron Beach, Gunungkidul Regency

ARIE NURZAMAN, M. Sani Roychansyah, S.T., M.Eng., D.Eng.

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Bencana yang terjadi di wilayah pesisir memberikan dampak terhadap lingkungan berupa kerusakan maupun penurunan kualitas, serta kehidupan masyarakat lokal. Resiko terhadap bencana yang semakin meningkat ditambah dengan dampak perubahan iklim semakin mengancam penghidupan masyarakat, terutama kelompok usaha skala kecil, yang bergantung pada sumberdaya alam sebagai matapencaharian utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketahanan komunitas masyarakat pesisir melalui pengukuran tingkat ketahanan kolektif (Collective Community Resilience) dan pendekatan partisipatif di tingkat komunitas. Berdasarkan nilai keseluruhan, komunitas campuran memiliki ketahanan sedang dengan skor (1,99), sedangkan komunitas perikanan (2,3) dan komunitas pariwisata (2,5) dikategorikan memiliki nilai resiliensi tinggi. Hasil pendekatan partisipatif menunjukkan bahwa komunitas di Pantai Baron sangat sadar akan pentingnya lingkungan pesisir terutama di dalam ekosistem karst. Namun, kesadaran mereka belum sejalan dengan tindakan mereka mengelola kelestarian ekosistem. Upaya pelestarian lingkungan dan praktik mitigasi bencana jangka panjang masih berada di belakang pemenuhan ekonomi penghidupan. Oleh karena itu, partisipasi masyarakat merupakan persyaratan penting untuk menerapkan pendekatan ini. Penelitian ini menawarkan kerangka pengelolaan bersama dalam bentuk Pengelolaan Bersama Adaptif (Adaptive Co-management) yang dapat didefinisikan sebagai pendekatan kemitraan di mana pemerintah dan pengguna sumber daya berbagi tanggung jawab dan wewenang dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya atau kawasan, melalui kolaborasi internal maupun dengan pemangku kepentingan lain. Kata kunci: ketahanan bencana, wilayah pesisir, komunitas pesisir, perencanaan partisipatif, Pantai Baron

The impacts of natural disaster occurred in coastal area have pushed environmental damage and threatened its sustainability as well as the existence of community livelihood. Accelerating risks from coastal hazards add the disadvantages for communities living in coastal areas, especially those who are very dependent on natural resources. The objectives of the research are the research is intended to measure the resilience of coastal community through collective resilience assessment and bottom-up approach in community level. Based on overall scores, mix-livelihood community is categorized as medium resilience with the score of (1.99), whereas fishery community (2.3) and tourism community (2.5) are categorized as high resilience score. The result of the participatory approach suggests that communities in Baron Beach are highly aware of the importance of the coastal environment especially within karst ecosystem. However, their awareness does not in line with their action of managing the sustainability of the ecosystem. Their livelihood practices still neglect the principle of environment conservation. Environmental conservation efforts and long-term disaster mitigation practice are still behind economic fulfillment of the livelihood. Therefore, community participation is a crucial requirement for implementing this approach. This research proposed co-management practice in form of Adaptive Co-Management that can be defined as a partnership approach where government and resource users share the responsibility and authority for the management of a fishery or area, based on collaboration between themselves and with other stakeholders. Keywords: resilience, coastal area, Gunungkidul Regency, coastal community, participatory planning

Kata Kunci : resilience, coastal area, Gunungkidul Regency, coastal community, participatory planning