PERBEDAAN GAMBARAN EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS PADA ANAK REMAJA GIZI LEBIH DAN NORMAL DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

DIAN NOVITASARI, Anik Rustiyaningsih, S.Kep.,Ns.,M.Kep.,Ns.Sp.Kep.An; Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp.,M.Kes.,PhD

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan yang rentan mengalami gangguan tidur. Ketidakadekuatan tidur pada remaja menyebabkan munculnya kondisi excessive daytime sleepiness yang ditandai dengan rasa mengantuk berlebih di siang hari. Gizi lebih merupakan salah satu penyebab kondisi EDS namun tidak menutup kemungkinan kondisi tersebut dapat dialami oleh remaja bergizi normal. Penelitian mengenai perbedaan gambaran EDS pada remaja gizi lebih dan gizi normal belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan gambaran EDS pada remaja gizi lebih dan gizi normal di Kota Yogyakarta Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 454 siswa kelas 2 SMP dengan rentang usia 13 hingga 15 tahun. Penentuan kelompok gizi lebih dan gizi normal dinyatakan dengan z score IMT per Usia yang dianalisis menggunakan WHO Antro. Gambaran kondisi EDS dilihat menggunakan The Cleveland Adolescents Sleepiness Questionnaire. Data dianalisis dengan uji mann-whitney. Hasil: Jumlah siswa bergizi normal (63.9 persen) lebih banyak dibandingkan siswa bergizi lebih (36.1 persen). Kelompok gizi lebih memiliki nilai tengah, nilai maksimum dan minimum dari skor EDS yang lebih tinggi (Me sama dengan 48.0 min max sama dengan 31.0 sampai 67.0) daripada kelompok gizi normal (Me sama dengan 39 min max sama dengan 19.0 sampai 60.0). Dari hasil uji mann-whitney didapat hasil perbedaan yang bermakna terkait kondisi EDS pada kedua kelompok penelitian (p kurang dari 0.001). Kesimpulan: terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terkait gambaran tingkat EDS antara kelompok remaja gizi lebih dan gizi normal di Kota Yogyakarta. Kelompok gizi lebih memiliki kecenderungan EDS yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan remaja gizi normal.

Background: Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence has long-term consequences such as sleep disorder. Sleep disorder commonly is characterized by drowsiness during the day that is called as excessive daytime sleepiness. EDS negatively affects health status, mental health, productivity, and safety. Adolescents who are suffering EDS was reported irritability, lack of anger control and has a high risk for substance abuse. Despite overnutrition has its correlation with EDS, adolescents with normal nutrition also have the possibility of suffering EDS due to schoolwork burden or gadget misuse. Objective: To compare the excessive daytime sleepiness of overnutrition and normal nutrition in adolescents in Yogyakarta Region. Method: This research was descriptive comparative research using cross-sectional design with a sample size of 454 respondents with an age range of 13-15 years. Respondents were grouped based on their BMI per age z score which is analyzed by WHOAntro. The Cleveland Adolescents Sleepiness Questionnaire was employed for assessment of the daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test due to the abnormality of data distributed. Result: Respondents in group normal nutrition were higher prevalence (63.9 percent) than respondents in group overnutrition (36.1 percent). Median, maximum and minimum values of overnutrition group were higher (Median was 48.0 min-max were 31.0 until 67.0) than the normal nutrition group (Median was 39 min max were 19.0 until 60.0). From the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the results of the differences were significantly related to EDS conditions in the two study groups (p less than 0.001). Conclusion: There were significant differences in EDS among overnutrition and normal nutrition adolescents. The overnutrition group was a tendency for suffering EDS.

Kata Kunci : excessive daytime sleepiness, gizi lebih, remaja