Effect of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban Extract on the Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1 mRNA in Kidney of Type II Diabetes Wistar Rat Model

BERNADHET DAISY K, dr. Dwi Aris Agung N, M.Sc., Ph.D, 2. Dr. dr. Woro Rukmi P, M.Kes., Sp.PD

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar belakang: Diabetes mellitus yang tidak terkontrol atau hiperglikemia dapat menyebabkan diabetes nefropati. Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) adalah enzim yang digunakan oleh sel sebagai pertahanan awal terhadap stress selular dan meningkat sebanyak 15-kali pada keadaan hiperglikemia. Centella asiatica adalah herba yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat untuk memperbaiki kondisi diabetes nefropati. Namun, studi mengenai efek Centella asiatica terhadap ekspresi HMOX-1 mRNA masih terbatas. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efek ekstrak Centella asiatica (L.) dalam mencegah penurunan ekspresi HMOX-1 mRNA pada ginjal model diabetes tipe II tikus Wistar Metode: Studi ini menggunakan sampel mRNA dari ginjal Tikus Wistar dengan diabetes tipe II karena induksi Streptozotosin dan mendapatkan perlakuan berbeda dari penelitian sebelumnya. Terdapat enam grup yaitu grup non-diabetik, grup diabetes tanpa terapi, grup diabetes dengan terapi Captopril 50 mg/kgBB/hari, dan tiga kelompok terapi Centella asiatica (dosis 250, 500, 1.000 mg/kgBB/hari). Ekspresi HMOX-1 diukur dari hasil Reverse Transcriptase-PCR menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Hasil: Tidak ditemukan perbedaan ekspresi mRNA HMOX-1 yang signifikan di antara semua kelompok (p = 0,280) walaupun masih ditemukan kecenderungan antar kelompok. Ekspresi mRNA HMOX-1 terrendah ditemukan pada kelompok diabetes dengan terapi Centella asiatica dosis 500 mg/kgBB/hari dan ekspresi tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok diabetes dengan terapi Captopril 50 mg/kgBB/hari. Kesimpulan: Administrasi ekstrak Centella asiatica (L.) dapat mencegah penurunan ekspresi mRNA HMOX-1 pada ginjal model diabetes tipe II tikus pada dosis 250 dan 1.000 mg/kgBB/hari.

Background: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia may lead to diabetic nephropathy. HMOX-1 is an enzyme which is used as the cell as the early defense against cellular stress and its expression is increased by 15-fold in states of hyperglycemia. Centella asiatica is a herb which has a long history as traditional remedy for various disease and its extract has also been studied extensively to observe its effects on kidney. However, studies about its effect towards HMOX-1 mRNA expression is limited. Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of extract of Centella asiatica (L.) urban to prevent the decrease of kidney HMOX-1 mRNA expression in Wistar rat with type II diabetes. Methods: This research is conducted using 19 cDNA samples of kidney of Wistar rats which were obtained from the previous study. The group were divided into 6 groups, including non-diabetic group, untreated diabetic group as negative control, positive control group (diabetic nephropathy treated with captopril 50 mg/kgBW/day), and 3 treatment groups (diabetic nephropathy treated with Centella asiatica (L.) Urban extract 250, 500, 1.000 mg/kgBW/day, respectively). The level of kidney HMOX-1 mRNA expression was investigated using Reverse Transcription PCR and Electrophoresis. Results: There is no significant difference in data between all groups, although there is still some trend. Lowest level of kidney HMOX-1 mRNA expression was seen in treatment group with Centella asiatica (L.) Urban extract dose of 500 mg/kgBW/day, and the highest level of kidney HMOX-1 mRNA expression was seen on treatment with Captopril. Conclusion: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban extract administration may prevent the decrease of kidney HMOX-1 mRNA expression in Wistar rat with type II diabetes at the dose of 250 and 1.000 mg/kgBWday.

Kata Kunci : Diabetic Nephropathy, Type 2 Diabetes, HMOX-1, Centella asiatica, Wistar rat