PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SO4/ZrO2 AND SO4/TiO2 CATALYSTS FOR ESTERIFICATION OF LOW-GRADE CRUDE COCONUT OIL UNDER VARIATION OF TEMPERATURES

EDITHA RAHMAWATI F, Dr. Akhmad Syoufian ; Prof. Dr. Karna Wijaya, M.Eng

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Preparation of SO4/ZrO2 and SO4/TiO2 catalysts have been carried out and applied for esterification of Low-Grade Crude Coconut Oil (LGCCO). The catalysts were synthesized using wet impregnation method with a variation of H2SO4 concentrations (0.50; 0.75; 1.0 M) and calcination temperatures (400; 500; 600 ���°C). The catalysts were characterized using NH3 base adsorption (total acid site), Fourier-Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Gas Adsorption Analyzer (GSA). Meanwhile, the esterification products were characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The results of catalyst characterization showed that the highest total acidity for SO4/ZrO2 catalyst was 2.302 mmole g-1 and SO4/TiO2 catalyst was 6.427 mmole g-1. These results were obtained in the optimum condition of 1.0 M H2SO4 and calcination temperature of 500 ���°C. The esterification reaction was done under optimum condition of 55 ���°C and 5% catalyst weight for 150 minutes. It successfully decreased the free fatty acid (FFA) of LGCCO by 68.41% for 1.0 M SO4/ZrO2-500 catalyst and 73.76% for 1.0 M SO4/TiO2-500 catalyst.

Preparasi katalis SO4/ZrO2 dan SO4/TiO2 telah dilakukan dan diaplikasikan pada reaksi esterifikasi Low-Grade Crude Coconut Oil (LGCCO). Sintesis katalis dilakukan menggunakan metode impregnasi basah dengan variasi konsentrasi H2SO4 (0,50; 0,75; 1,0 M), serta kalsinasi pada variasi temperatur (400; 500; 600 ���°C). Karakterisasi katalis menggunakan adsorpsi basa NH3 (total situs aktif), Fourier-Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dan Gas Adsorption Analyzer (GSA). Produk esterifikasi dikarakterisasi dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Hasil dari karakterisasi katalis menunjukkan bahwa total keasamaan SO4/ZrO2 2,302 mmol g-1dan SO4/TiO2 6,427 mmol g-1. Hasil yang diperoleh didapatkan dengan kondisi optimal 1,0 M H2SO4 dan temperatur kalsinasi 500 ���°C. Reaksi esterifikasi dilakukan dengan kondisi optimal 55 ���°C, dan 5% berat katalis, selama 150 menit. Penurunan kadar lemak bebas telah berhasil dilakukan sebesar 68,41% untuk katalis 1,0 M SO4/ZrO2-500 dan 73,76% untuk katalis 1,0 M SO4/TiO2-500

Kata Kunci : Keywords: SO4/TiO2, SO4/ZrO2, Esterification, and FFA