Gambaran Apotek Online di Indonesia Berdasarkan Standar NAPRA (National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities) dan FDA (Food And Drug Administration) BeSafeRx

BAIQ NURYA HIDAYATI, Marlita Putri Ekasari, MPH., Apt.; Dr. Susi Ari Kristina, M.Kes., Apt.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Indonesia belum memiliki regulasi tentang apotek online. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran apotek online di Indonesia secara umum, berdasarkan standar NAPRA (National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities), dan FDA (Food and Drug Administration) BeSafeRx. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif evaluatif berbasis online menggunakan mesin pencari Google, Yahoo, dan Bing. Kata kunci yang digunakan yakni jual obat, beli obat, beli obat online, apotek online, dan apotik online. Website yang didata adalah website yang muncul pada sepuluh halaman pertama tiap kata kunci di setiap mesin pencari selama tujuh hari secara berulang-ulang. Populasi website yang menjual obat adalah sebesar 727 website. Jumlah sampel adalah delapan apotek online yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis secara deskriptif dengan data ditampilkan dalam tabel, grafik, dan narasi yang mudah dipahami. Apotek online jaringan dan tunggal masing-masing berjumlah 87,5% dan 12,5%. Golongan obat dan kelas terapi terbanyak yang dijual di apotek online adalah obat keras yakni sebesar 72,67% dan antiinfeksi 18,88%. Alur pembelian obat dengan resep valid adalah melalui website dan WhatsApp. Persentase kesesuaian apotek online di Indonesia berdasarkan standar NAPRA adalah 37,50%, berdasarkan FDA BeSafeRx sebesar 48,21%, berdasarkan standar khusus NAPRA sebesar 21,43%, berdasarkan standar khusus FDA BeSafeRx sebesar 0%, dan berdasarkan standar yang sama sebesar 56,25%.

Indonesia does not have any regulations about online pharmacies yet. The study aimed to see the representation of online pharmacies in Indonesia generally according to NAPRA (National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities) and FDA (Food and Drug Administration) BeSafeRx standards. The study used an evaluative descriptive by online approach-based using Google, Yahoo, and Bing as search engines. The keywords that being used were sell medicine, buy medicine, buy medicine online, and online pharmacy. Population was the website that sell medicines appeared on the first ten pages of each keyword in each search engine for seven days repeatedly. The numbers of populations were 727 websites, meanwhile the samples that being observed were eight online pharmacies that obtained by purposive sampling technique. The data were being analyzed descriptively where it was displayed in tables, graphs, and narratives which were easily understood. The result of the study were the online network pharmacies are up to 87.5%, meanwhile 12.5% are online pharmacies that consist of one pharmacy only. Most medicine that being sold in online pharmacies are prescription-only medicines which is up to 72,67% and 18,88% of them were anti-infective medicines. Buying medicines in valid prescription were by ordering through website and WhatsApp. The percentage of online pharmacy compliance in Indonesia based on NAPRA standard is up to 37,50%, meanwhile based on FDA BeSafeRx is up to 48,21%, the NAPRA's special standard is up to 21,43%, based on FDA BeSafeRx's special standard is 0%, and based on the same standard is up to 56,25%.

Kata Kunci : apotek online, standar NAPRA, FDA BeSafeRx