DAMPAK INTERVENSI PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING KOPI GAYO 2012-2017

RISKA LUNETO, Dr. Nanang Pamuji Mugasejati

2018 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Penelitian ini merupakan refleksi dari analisis terhadap intervensi pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya peningkatan daya saing kopi khususnya pada speciality coffee Indonesia yang dalam pembahasan penelitian ini, penulis mengambil contoh pada industri kopi Gayo (Aceh). Sebagai salah satu kopi dengan cita rasa yang unik menjadikan kopi Gayo sebagai kopi yang cukup banyak dikenal masyarakat luas khususnya bagi masyarakat asing. Akan tetapi, terkenalnya kopi Gayo tidak berjalan lurus dengan nilai competitiveness yang dilihat berdasarkan tingkat produksi, volume ekspor maupun jumlah pendapatan petani kopi, berbagai isu menjadi penghambat dalam perkembangan daya saing kopi Gayo dilihat berdasarkan analisis keunggulan bersaing (competitive advantage) Michael Porter yang dikenal dengan konsep diamond model (model berlian), keempat indikator dalam konsep diamond model masih belum dapat terpenuhi untuk menjadikan kopi Gayo sebagai produk yang memiliki keunggulan bersaing, intervensi pemerintah yang ada dinilai belum cukup fokus terhadap perbaikan iklim industri kopi Gayo. Sehingga, dibutuhkan kerjasama seluruh pihak dalam industri kopi untuk memperbaiki ataupun melanjutkan upaya-upaya yang telah ada sebelumnya, agar industri kopi tidak kalah bersaing dengan kopi dari negara lainnya.

This study is a reflection of the analysis of the influence of the Indonesian government in an effort to increase the competitiveness of coffee, especially on Indonesian specialty coffee which in this study, the authors take the example of Gayo coffee industry (Aceh). One of the coffee with a unique taste makes Gayo coffee as a coffee which is widely known to the wider community especially for foreign community. However, the notorious Gayo coffee does not go straight with the competitiveness seen by the level of production, the export volume and the amount of coffee farmers' income, various issues become obstacles in the development of Gayo coffee competitiveness based on the superiority (competitiveness) of Michael Porter known as the diamond model (diamond model), This study is a reflection of the analysis of the influence of the Indonesian government in an effort to improve the competitiveness of coffee, especially on Indonesian specialty coffee which in this study, the authors take the example of Gayo coffee industry (Aceh). One of the coffee with a unique taste makes Gayo coffee as a coffee which is widely known to the wider community especially for foreign community. However, the notorious Gayo coffee does not go straight with the competitiveness seen by the level of production, the export volume and the amount of coffee farmers' income, various issues become obstacles in the development of Gayo coffee competitiveness based on the superiority (competitiveness) of Michael Porter known as the diamond model (diamond model), the four indicators in the concept of diamond model still can not be fulfilled to make Gayo coffee as a product that has competitive advantage, government intervention is considered not enough focus on Gayo coffee industry climate improvement. Thus, it takes the cooperation of all parties in the coffee industry to improve or continue the efforts that have been there before, so that the coffee industry is not less competitive with coffee from other countries.

Kata Kunci : kopi Gayo, kopi Arabika, Aceh, speciality coffee, intervensi, model berlian, daya saing, keunggulan bersaing, Thomas Piketty, Michael Porter