Kajian Ruang Parkir di Kawasan Malioboro Yogyakarta

RUYANI, Dr. Ir. Suryanto, MSP

2017 | Skripsi | S1 PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena dimana kapasitas ruang parkir di Kawasan Malioboro saat ini sudah melebihi daya tampungnya dan tidak mampu menampung jumlah kendaraan yang semakin banyak masuk ke Kawasan Malioboro. Pemerintah melalui agenda 2000+ telah merencanakan Kawasan Malioboro sebagai kawasan pedestrian dan berupaya untuk membuat jalan lingkar dan kantong parkir baru di Kawasan Malioboro. Untuk mendukung rencana tersebut, perlu adanya kajian mengenai keberadaan ruang parkir yang ada saat ini di Kawasan Malioboro. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan sebaran ruang parkir, serta mendeskripsikan kaitannya dengan aktivitas dan permasalahan yang ada di Kawasan Malioboro. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah induktif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan data berupa fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi di Kawasan Malioboro sehingga didapatkan temuan penelitian dan menjadikan temuan tersebut sebagai dasar penarikan kesimpulan. Ruang parkir di Kawasan Malioboro terdapat tiga klasifikasi, yaitu ruang parkir Tepi Jalan Umum (TJU), Tempat Khusus Parkir (TKP) Pemerintah dan TKP Swasta. Ruang parkir TJU berada di sepanjang sisi timur Jalan Malioboro, serta di jalan-jalan penyangganya. TKP Pemerintah berada di TKP Abu Bakar Ali, TKP Pasar Sore, TKP Senopati, dan TKP Ngabean. Sementara TKP swasta berada di pusat perbelanjaan, seperti Malioboro Mall dan Ramai Mall berupa lahan parkir dan parkir bawah tanah. Karakteristik sebaran ruang parkir di Kawasan Malioboro ditempatkan mendekati toko dan PKL yang berada di sepanjang Jalan Malioboro sehingga membentuk garis linier dari utara ke selatan. Ruang parkir di Kawasan Malioboro memiliki dampak positif dan negatif terhadap aktivitas dan permasalahan di kawasan tersebut. Ruang parkir memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kegiatan ekonomi dengan memunculkan pusat kegiatan baru, tetapi juga memberikan dampak negatif terhadap rusaknya kualitas visual pada bangunan di Kawasan Malioboro. Ruang parkir juga menurunkan kenyamanan akses bagi pejalan kaki karena mengganggu jalur pedestrian. Kaitannya dengan lalu lintas, keberadaan ruang parkir juga tidak dapat mengatasi kemacetan dan justru membuat kondisi kemacetan di Kawasan Malioboro semakin parah.

This research is motivated by the facts that the capacity of parking space in Malioboro has exceeded its capacity and can not accommodate the number of vehicles that increasingly enter the Malioboro. The government through the Agenda 2000+ has planned the Malioboro as a pedestrian area and planned to create the ring roads and new parking lot in Malioboro. To support the plan, there needs to be a review of the existence of parking spaces in the Malioboro Region. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and distribution of parking spaces, and its relation to the activities and development problems that exist in the area of Malioboro. The results of this study can be a suggestion for the development planning of Malioboro Region in the future. The research method is inductive qualitative with using qualitative descriptive as analysis technique. This research describes the data in the form of facts that occur in the Area of Malioboro and make these facts as the basis of conclusion. There were three classification of Parking space in Malioboro, namely Tepi Jalan Umum parking (on street parking), Tempat Khusus Parkir (TKP) Pemerintah (Government parking space) and TKP Swasta (Non-government parking space). Tepi Jalan Umum (TJU) parking are along the eastern side of Malioboro Street and Ahmad Yani Street, as well as on the streets of buffers. TKP Pemerintah is in the scene of TKP Abu Bakar Ali, TKP Pasar Sore, TKP Senopati, and TKP Ngabean. While TKP Swasta is located in shopping centers, such as Malioboro Mall and Ramai Mall in the form of parking lots and also underground parking. The distribution of parking in Malioboro has a characteristic that placed near the shop and street vendors along Malioboro Street and forming a linear line from north to south. The existence of parking spaces have a positive and negative impact on the activities and problems in Malioboro. Parking have a positive impact on the improvement of economic activity in Malioboro by creating new centers of activity. But it also has a negative impact on the destruction of visual quality in buildings in Malioboro. Parking space also reduces the accessibility of access for pedestrians because it disrupts the pedestrian path. Relation to traffic, the existence of parking space also can not overcome the congestion and just make the congestion conditions in the area malioboro getting worse.

Kata Kunci : Parkir, Shopping Centers, Kualitas Visual, Pedestrian, Lalu Lintas